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Single metal deposition versus physical developer: A comparison between two advanced fingermark detection techniques.

Sébastien Moret1, Po Lun Timothy Lee2, Mackenzie de la Hunty1

  • 1University of Technology Sydney, Centre for Forensic Science, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.

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|December 1, 2018
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Summary

Single metal deposition (SMD II) shows potential for fingermark detection but is currently inferior to physical developer (PD) on porous substrates. Further research is needed to address contrast and consistency issues for SMD II to become a viable alternative.

Keywords:
Amino acid reagentsDetection sequencesGold nanoparticlesMMDSMDWater immersion

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Material Science

Background:

  • Single metal deposition (SMD II) using colloidal gold is a fingermark detection method.
  • Physical developer (PD) is a well-established silver deposition technique for fingermark detection.
  • Current research lacks extensive comparisons between SMD II and PD on porous substrates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct an extensive comparison of SMD II and PD for fingermark detection on porous substrates.
  • To evaluate the performance of both techniques as standalone methods, sequentially after amino acid reagents, and after substrate wetting.
  • To determine if SMD II can be a viable alternative to PD.

Main Methods:

  • Over 1000 fingermark specimens were processed on porous substrates.
  • Comparison of SMD II and PD under various conditions: standalone, sequential reagent application (1,2-indanedione/zinc followed by ninhydrin), and after wetting.
  • Evaluation of fingermark detection reliability, sensitivity, and user-friendliness.

Main Results:

  • SMD II performance was generally inferior to PD on porous substrates.
  • Amino acid reagents (indanedione/zinc and ninhydrin) negatively impacted SMD II performance, yielding inconsistent results and low contrast.
  • SMD II demonstrated less donor variability and no uncontrolled background staining, unlike PD, and is applicable to both porous and non-porous substrates.

Conclusions:

  • SMD II is not currently recommended as a replacement for PD on porous substrates due to performance limitations.
  • PD remains the preferred technique for fingermark detection on porous substrates.
  • SMD II shows promise, with potential for future development if contrast and consistency issues are resolved.