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The Emerging Role of TYRO3 as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer

Sherri K Smart1,2, Eleana Vasileiadi3,4, Xiaodong Wang5

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. sherri.smart@choa.org.

Cancers
|December 2, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Tyrosine kinase TYRO3, though less studied than its TAM family members, is implicated in cancer progression and immune response. Targeting TYRO3 presents a potential therapeutic strategy for various cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The TAM (TYRO3, AXL, MERTK) family of receptor tyrosine kinases regulates critical cellular functions.
  • While AXL and MERTK are well-characterized, TYRO3's roles, particularly in cancer, are emerging.
  • TYRO3 is increasingly recognized for its involvement in diverse biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological functions of TYRO3.
  • To elucidate the expression and roles of TYRO3 in cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment.
  • To highlight TYRO3's downstream signaling pathways and its emerging immunological functions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of physiological roles.
  • Analysis of TYRO3 expression in various cancers.
  • Review of studies on TYRO3 signaling pathways and therapeutic targeting.

Main Results:

  • TYRO3 overexpression correlates with enhanced tumor cell survival, proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance.
  • Elevated TYRO3 levels are linked to poorer patient survival in colorectal, hepatocellular, and breast cancers.
  • TYRO3 plays significant roles in immune regulation and the tumor microenvironment.

Conclusions:

  • TYRO3 is a critical mediator of cancer progression and a potential therapeutic target.
  • Understanding TYRO3's signaling and immune functions is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
  • Targeting TYRO3 offers a promising translational approach for improving cancer treatment outcomes.
Keywords:
AXLMERTKTAM familyTYRO3cancerreceptor tyrosine kinasesignaling pathwaytargeted therapy

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