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Semiconductor opening switch generator with a primary thyristor switch triggered in impact-ionization wave mode.

A I Gusev1, S K Lyubutin1, A V Ponomarev1

  • 1Institute of Electrophysics, UB, RAS, Yekaterinburg 620016, Russia.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|December 4, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a novel thyristor switch for nanosecond pulse generators. Optimized for impact ionization wave mode, it enhances semiconductor opening switch (SOS) performance with high current and voltage capabilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Pulsed Power Systems
  • Semiconductor Devices

Background:

  • Nanosecond pulse generators are crucial for various applications, requiring efficient and reliable primary switching.
  • Semiconductor opening switches (SOS) offer high-power switching capabilities but need effective triggering mechanisms.
  • Thyristor switches, when triggered in impact ionization wave mode, show potential for high-current, fast-switching applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the performance of a thyristor switch triggered in impact ionization wave mode.
  • To evaluate its suitability as a primary switch in a nanosecond pulse generator utilizing a semiconductor opening switch (SOS).
  • To analyze the impact of triggering parameters on switch efficiency and energy loss.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a series stack of commercial low-frequency tablet thyristors (up to 6 pieces).
  • Operating the thyristor switch at charging voltages of 2-12 kV and switching energies up to 16 J.
  • Integrating the thyristor switch into a simplified SOS pumping circuit featuring a single pulse transformer.

Main Results:

  • The thyristor switch demonstrated operation with discharge currents up to 8 kA and current rise rates from 14 to 54 kA/μs.
  • Switching efficiency was measured at approximately 0.9, with reduced energy loss observed at higher voltage rise rates during triggering.
  • The complete SOS generator achieved output voltages up to 300 kV, peak power up to 250 MW, and a pulse duration of ~50 ns.
  • The thyristor switch specifically handled 12 kV, 7.5 kA currents with a ~500 ns duration and a ~54 kA/μs rise rate, enabling a 1 kHz pulse repetition frequency in burst mode.

Conclusions:

  • The thyristor switch, triggered in impact ionization wave mode, is a viable primary switch for nanosecond pulse generators with SOS.
  • The simplified generator design with a single pulse transformer enhances overall efficiency.
  • Optimizing the voltage rise rate during triggering is key to minimizing energy losses in the thyristor switch.