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This study introduces a dynamic-force extraction method for micro-propulsion testing using a least-squares approach. The technique accurately reconstructs dynamic thrust from torsional pendulum oscillations, with errors under 15 μN up to 8 Hz.

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Area of Science:

  • * Physics and Engineering
  • * Micro-propulsion and Measurement Science

Background:

  • * Accurate measurement of micro-newton forces is crucial for micro-propulsion system development.
  • * Traditional methods may face limitations in dynamic force characterization at micro-scales.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To propose and validate a dynamic-force extraction method for micro-propulsion testing.
  • * To reconstruct the time evolution of dynamic thrust from micro-newton torsional pendulum oscillations.

Main Methods:

  • * Development of a dynamic-force extraction technique based on the least-squares method.
  • * Modeling the displacement oscillation of a micro-newton torsional pendulum.
  • * Solving linear equations derived from the motion equation for thrust reconstruction.

Main Results:

  • * The proposed method accurately reconstructs dynamic force up to 8 Hz.
  • * Experimental validation shows errors less than 15 μN.
  • * Simulation analysis indicates error sensitivity to sensor noise, low-pass filtering, and sampling rate, with noise-induced error showing minimal frequency dependence.

Conclusions:

  • * The least-squares-based dynamic-force extraction method is effective for micro-propulsion testing.
  • * The method provides reliable dynamic thrust reconstruction within specified frequency and accuracy limits.
  • * Understanding error sources is key for optimizing measurement precision in micro-propulsion applications.