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Phenylephrine, a small molecule, inhibits pectin methylesterases.

Mi Sun Cheong1, Deuk Yeong Lee1, Kyung Hye Seo2

  • 1Department of Agricultural Chemistry (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|December 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Phenylephrine (PE) is a novel, non-proteinaceous inhibitor of plant pectin methylesterases (PMEs). This small molecule effectively blocks PME activity, impacting root hair development and offering potential as a plant growth regulator.

Keywords:
Brassica campestrisPectin methylesterase (PME)Pectin methylesterase inhibitor (PMEI)Phenylephrine (PE)Plant growthRoot hair

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Pectin methylesterases (PMEs) are crucial enzymes in plant cell wall modification, regulating pectin methylation.
  • PME activity is controlled by endogenous proteinaceous inhibitors (PMEIs), influencing plant growth and development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To screen for novel, non-proteinaceous inhibitors of plant PMEs.
  • To investigate the mechanism and physiological effects of a identified inhibitor on plant growth.

Main Methods:

  • Chemical library screening for PME inhibitors.
  • Enzyme inhibition assays with plant PMEs (orange and Arabidopsis).
  • Physiological studies on Brassica campestris seedlings and root hair development.
  • Molecular docking and biochemical analysis of inhibitor-enzyme interaction.

Main Results:

  • Phenylephrine (PE) identified as a potent, competitive inhibitor of plant PMEs.
  • PE treatment inhibited root growth and root hair development in Brassica campestris seedlings.
  • PE competitively inhibited the PME Root Hair Specific 12 (RHS12) with a Ki of 44.1 μM.
  • Molecular docking revealed PE binds to the catalytic cleft of RHS12, disrupting its activity.

Conclusions:

  • Phenylephrine (PE) is a novel, non-proteinaceous PME inhibitor.
  • PE's mechanism involves direct interaction with the PME catalytic site.
  • PE shows potential as a lead compound for developing new plant growth regulators in agriculture.