Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

1.4K
Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
1.4K
CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids01:24

CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids

872
CNS stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabinoids, have varying structures and mechanisms of action that lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Cocaine, with its molecular formula C17H21NO4, is a tropane alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It has two chemical forms: the hydrochloride salt and the "freebase." The former is in powder form, while the latter involves removing the hydrochloride salt to create a form that can be smoked. Cocaine exerts its...
872
Classification of Skeletal Muscle Fibers01:48

Classification of Skeletal Muscle Fibers

59.5K
Skeletal muscles continuously produce ATP to provide the energy that enables muscle contractions. Skeletal muscle fibers can be categorized into three types based on differences in their contraction speed and how they produce ATP, as well as physical differences related to these factors. Most human muscles contain all three muscle fiber types, albeit in varying proportions.
Slow-Twitch Muscle Fibers
Slow oxidative, muscle fibers appear red due to large numbers of capillaries and high levels of...
59.5K
Layers of the Epidermis01:21

Layers of the Epidermis

8.3K
The epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin, is composed of several distinct layers. From deep to superficial, the layers of the epidermis are as follows:
Stratum Basale
Stratum basale, also known as the stratum germinativum, is the deepest layer of the epidermis. It is composed of a single layer of actively dividing cells called basal cells or basal keratinocytes. These cells constantly undergo cell division to replenish the upper layers of the epidermis. Additionally, melanocytes, which...
8.3K
Thematic Layering in GIS01:30

Thematic Layering in GIS

354
In the past, planning projects such as schools or public facilities required extensive manual effort to gather and compile data. Information such as property boundaries, soil characteristics, road networks, zoning regulations, and flood zones had to be sourced individually from courthouses, utility providers, and registry offices. Assembling these datasets into a coherent format often took several months, delaying project timelines.The introduction of Geographic Information Systems (GIS)...
354
Layers of the Heart Wall01:15

Layers of the Heart Wall

5.6K
The heart wall comprises three distinct layers: the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium. The outermost layer, the epicardium, is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium, featuring a thin, transparent mesothelial surface and an inner layer of areolar connective tissue with fat deposits that increase with age.
The myocardium, the thickest layer, consists of cardiac muscle cells interconnected by intercalated discs and crisscrossing connective tissue fibers. These muscle fibers contract...
5.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Reading Performance and Eye Movement Patterns in Glaucoma.

Journal of glaucoma·2026
Same author

Barriers and opportunities in pediatric ophthalmology: a cross-sectional survey among Brazilian ophthalmologists.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Clustering of Aggressive Behaviors and Physical Activity Among Brazilian Adolescents.

Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy·2026
Same author

A Systematic Review of International Guidelines for Addressing Alcohol Use Disorder in Pregnancy.

Alcohol, clinical & experimental research·2026
Same author

Eye-Tracking Reading Patterns as Correlates of Clinical Measures in Glaucoma.

Ophthalmic research·2026
Same author

Eye-tracking reading patterns across different interventions in glaucoma patients versus controls.

Scientific reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Three-dimensional Imaging and Analysis of Mitochondria within Human Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers
10:31

Three-dimensional Imaging and Analysis of Mitochondria within Human Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers

Published on: September 29, 2017

10.7K

Retinal nerve fiber layer analysis in cocaine users.

Henrique Gemelli1, Thiago M Fidalgo2, Carolina P B Gracitelli3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual Francisco Morato de Oliveira, São Paulo, Brazil.

Psychiatry Research
|December 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Cocaine use is linked to significant thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), particularly in the nasal, superior, and inferior areas. This finding highlights potential ocular effects of cocaine, warranting further investigation with larger studies.

Keywords:
CocaineNerve fiber layerOptical coherenceRetinal ganglion cellsTomography

More Related Videos

Using Optogenetics to Reverse Neuroplasticity and Inhibit Cocaine Seeking in Rats
09:43

Using Optogenetics to Reverse Neuroplasticity and Inhibit Cocaine Seeking in Rats

Published on: October 5, 2021

3.0K
Co-staining Blood Vessels and Nerve Fibers in Adipose Tissue
12:05

Co-staining Blood Vessels and Nerve Fibers in Adipose Tissue

Published on: February 13, 2019

10.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Three-dimensional Imaging and Analysis of Mitochondria within Human Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers
10:31

Three-dimensional Imaging and Analysis of Mitochondria within Human Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers

Published on: September 29, 2017

10.7K
Using Optogenetics to Reverse Neuroplasticity and Inhibit Cocaine Seeking in Rats
09:43

Using Optogenetics to Reverse Neuroplasticity and Inhibit Cocaine Seeking in Rats

Published on: October 5, 2021

3.0K
Co-staining Blood Vessels and Nerve Fibers in Adipose Tissue
12:05

Co-staining Blood Vessels and Nerve Fibers in Adipose Tissue

Published on: February 13, 2019

10.0K

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Cocaine is a known cause of tissue ischemia.
  • Potential links between cocaine use and inner retinal layer thinning exist.
  • Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) health is crucial for vision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate RNFL thickness in cocaine users compared to non-users.
  • To determine if cocaine use is associated with RNFL thinning using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 17 cocaine users and 18 non-users for ophthalmologic examination.
  • Utilized Cirrus Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) for analysis.
  • Evaluated peripapillary RNFL and macular thickness.

Main Results:

  • Cocaine users exhibited significantly thinner average RNFL measurements than the control group.
  • Significant RNFL thinning was observed in the nasal, superior, and inferior quadrants of cocaine users.
  • No significant differences in macular thickness or the temporal RNFL quadrant were found between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Cocaine use is associated with significant thinning of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer.
  • Specific quadrants (nasal, superior, inferior) are more affected by cocaine-induced RNFL thinning.
  • Further research with larger cohorts is recommended to confirm these findings and elucidate cocaine's ocular impact.