Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance01:14

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance

680
Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the...
680
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

2.3K
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
2.3K
Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

564
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
564
Anatomy of Respiratory System II: Lower Respiratory Tract01:31

Anatomy of Respiratory System II: Lower Respiratory Tract

3.6K
The lower respiratory tract is anatomically composed of several vital structures, including the larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, alveoli, lungs, and pleurae. Each component has a specific function, and all are intricately connected to ensure efficient respiration.
The Larynx
It is located between the pharynx and the trachea, acts as a passageway for air, and hosts several critical structures, such as the epiglottis, vocal cords, and glottis. The epiglottis acts as a gateway, guiding food to the...
3.6K
Personality Disorders: Narcissistic and Avoidant01:26

Personality Disorders: Narcissistic and Avoidant

800
Narcissistic and avoidant personality traits represent two contrasting patterns of behavior that significantly influence social interactions and self-perception. While individuals with narcissistic disorder seek admiration and validation, individuals with avoidant personality disorder withdraw due to fear of judgment.
Characteristics of Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Narcissistic individuals exhibit an inflated sense of self-importance and an excessive need for admiration. They are often...
800
The Respiratory System01:16

The Respiratory System

89.4K
The respiratory system is comprised of the organs that enable breathing. Air enters the nostrils and mouth, followed by the pharynx (throat) and larynx (voice box), which lead to the trachea (windpipe). In the thoracic cavity, the trachea splits into two bronchi that allow air to enter the lungs. The bronchi split into progressively smaller bronchioles and terminate in small groups of tiny sacs in the lungs called alveoli, where gas exchange occurs.
89.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

From Expectation to Learning: A Mediational Model of Exposure Therapy Outcome in Anxiety Disorders.

Psychotherapy and psychosomatics·2026
Same author

Utilization of different types of safety behavior during exposure-based CBT for anxiety disorders and its correlates.

Cognitive behaviour therapy·2026
Same author

Better safe than sorry: Avoidance of interoceptive threat following observational fear learning.

Behaviour research and therapy·2026
Same author

How alexithymia shapes functional networks: Insights from a general population study.

European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists·2026
Same author

Instructed increase in fear activation during exposure exercises does not enhance treatment effects of cognitive behavioral therapy for panic disorder and agoraphobia.

Behaviour research and therapy·2026
Same author

Temporal depressive symptom networks in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Journal of mood and anxiety disorders·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Mechanical Conflict-Avoidance Assay to Measure Pain Behavior in Mice
06:57

Mechanical Conflict-Avoidance Assay to Measure Pain Behavior in Mice

Published on: February 18, 2022

4.3K

Predictors of behavioral avoidance during respiratory symptom provocation.

Christoph Benke1, Elischa Krause1, Alfons O Hamm1

  • 1Department of Physiological and Clinical Psychology/ Psychotherapy, University of Greifswald, Franz-Mehring-Str. 47, 17487, Greifswald, Germany.

Behaviour Research and Therapy
|December 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Anxiety sensitivity and reduced breath-holding time predict avoidance of bodily symptoms in anxiety disorders. These factors, particularly when combined, may increase the risk for developing and maintaining these conditions.

Keywords:
Anxiety disorderAnxiety sensitivityBreath holdingDyspneaSuffocation fear

More Related Videos

An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents
06:55

An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents

Published on: December 2, 2015

23.5K
Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
09:00

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

Published on: October 3, 2020

4.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Mechanical Conflict-Avoidance Assay to Measure Pain Behavior in Mice
06:57

Mechanical Conflict-Avoidance Assay to Measure Pain Behavior in Mice

Published on: February 18, 2022

4.3K
An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents
06:55

An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents

Published on: December 2, 2015

23.5K
Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
09:00

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

Published on: October 3, 2020

4.5K

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Psychophysiology

Background:

  • Anxiety-related disorders feature excessive anxiety and avoidance of bodily symptoms.
  • Psychological (anxiety sensitivity, fear of suffocation, trait anxiety) and biobehavioral (breath-holding time) factors predict anxiety during symptom provocation.
  • The influence of these factors on avoidance behavior remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the predictive role of psychological and biobehavioral variables on avoidance during dyspnea provocation.
  • To examine the main and interactive effects of these variables on avoidance behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Participants underwent gradually increasing dyspnea provocation.
  • Logistic regression analyses were used to assess predictors of avoidance.
  • Key variables included anxiety sensitivity, fear of suffocation, trait anxiety, and breath-holding time.

Main Results:

  • Higher anxiety sensitivity and lower breath-holding time were significantly associated with avoidance.
  • Fear of suffocation and trait anxiety did not predict avoidance.
  • A significant interaction indicated that individuals with lower breath-holding time exhibited more avoidance when anxiety sensitivity was high.

Conclusions:

  • Anxiety sensitivity and breath-holding time are significant risk factors for avoidance behavior in the context of bodily symptom provocation.
  • These factors may play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of anxiety-related disorders.
  • The interplay between anxiety sensitivity and physiological capacity (breath-holding time) is important for understanding avoidance.