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Multi-echo fMRI, resting-state connectivity, and high psychometric schizotypy
Maria Waltmann1, Owen O'Daly2, Alice Egerton1
1Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
Neuroimage. Clinical
|December 4, 2018
Summary
Healthy individuals with subclinical psychotic experiences show reduced striatal functional connectivity. This study used advanced multi-echo resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) to reveal these brain differences, offering insights into psychosis risk.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Brain Imaging
Background:
- Disrupted striatal functional connectivity is linked to psychotic symptoms.
- Previous studies focused on psychosis patients and high-risk individuals, not those with subclinical experiences.
- Subclinical psychotic-like experiences (schizotypy) in healthy individuals remain understudied regarding striatal connectivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate corticostriatal connectivity in healthy individuals with high versus low positive schizotypy.
- To apply multi-echo resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) for enhanced signal quality and noise reduction.
- To determine if subclinical psychotic-like experiences are associated with altered striatal connectivity.
Main Methods:
- Utilized multi-echo rs-fMRI with varying echo times (12, 28, 44, 60 ms) for improved BOLD contrast and physiological noise removal.
- Acquired data from healthy individuals categorized into low (LS) and high (HS) positive schizotypy groups based on the O-LIFE questionnaire.
- Compared whole-brain functional connectivity from six striatal seeds between HS and LS groups, applying cluster-level family-wise error correction (p < .05).
Main Results:
- High schizotypy (HS) subjects exhibited significantly lower resting-state fMRI connectivity between ventromedial prefrontal and ventral striatal regions compared to low schizotypy (LS) subjects.
- HS individuals also showed reduced connectivity between the dorsal putamen and the hippocampus, occipital regions, and cerebellum.
- These findings indicate striatal hypoconnectivity associated with subclinical positive psychotic-like experiences.
Conclusions:
- Subclinical positive psychotic-like experiences in healthy individuals are associated with altered striatal connectivity, specifically hypoconnectivity.
- Multi-echo rs-fMRI is a promising technique for detecting subtle functional connectivity abnormalities in psychosis research.
- These findings contribute to understanding the neural underpinnings of the psychosis continuum and may inform early detection strategies.
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