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[Intra-abdominal infections. Update and recommendations]

Liliana Clara1, Viviana M Rodríguez2, Pablo Saúl3

  • 1Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Medicina
|December 4, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Intra-abdominal infections are a major cause of sepsis and death in ICUs. New guidelines from Argentine experts optimize diagnosis, treatment, and prevention to reduce patient harm and healthcare costs.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Surgical Infections

Background:

  • Intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) are a significant cause of sepsis and mortality, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs).
  • Effective management requires prompt antimicrobial therapy and crucial source control procedures.
  • IAIs are the third leading cause of sepsis and second leading cause of death in ICUs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of IAIs.
  • To provide a practical tool for clinicians managing patients with IAIs.
  • To reduce morbidity, mortality, length of stay, costs, and antimicrobial resistance associated with IAIs.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of literature published within the last 10 years.
  • Inclusion of expert opinions and local data from Argentine specialists.
  • Development of diagnostic criteria and treatment algorithms.

Main Results:

  • A diagnostic tool based on clinical and microbiological criteria is provided.
  • Guidance on empirical antimicrobial therapy, considering infection source, severity, and acquisition setting (community vs. healthcare-associated).
  • Emphasis on the importance of source control and preventive measures, including surgical site infection risk reduction.

Conclusions:

  • The guidelines offer a structured approach to optimize IAI management.
  • Implementation aims to improve patient outcomes and resource utilization.
  • Focus on local guidelines addresses specific clinical challenges in IAI treatment.
Keywords:
diagnosisintra-abdominal infectionspreventiontreatment

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