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Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation01:29

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation

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Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Author Spotlight: A Computational Pipeline for Analyzing Chimeric Noncoding RNA-Target RNA Interactions in High-Throughput Sequencing Data
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Hepatic transcriptome analysis from HFD-fed mice defines a long noncoding RNA regulating cellular cholesterol levels.

Qian Chen1, Chaoliang Xiong1, Kunyun Jia1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.

Journal of Lipid Research
|December 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

High-fat diets alter liver gene expression, impacting insulin resistance. Researchers identified specific long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and protein-coding RNAs involved in lipid metabolism and cholesterol biosynthesis, with one lncRNA potentially regulated by PPARα.

Keywords:
cholesterol/biosynthesisgene expressioninsulin resistancenoncoding ribonucleic acidsperoxisome proliferator-activated receptorsribonucleic acid sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Metabolic Research

Background:

  • High-fat diets (HFD) induce insulin resistance and alter hepatic transcriptomes.
  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play roles in metabolic regulation, but their specific involvement in HFD-induced changes is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transcriptomic changes of lncRNAs in the liver of HFD-fed mice.
  • To identify lncRNAs associated with insulin resistance and lipid metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • RNA sequencing was used to profile the hepatic transcriptome of HFD-fed mice.
  • Functional analyses and coexpression patterns were employed to identify relationships between lncRNAs and protein-coding genes.
  • In vitro experiments assessed the role of a specific lncRNA in cholesterol biosynthesis.

Main Results:

  • Aberrant expression of 37 lncRNAs and 254 protein-coding RNAs was observed in HFD-fed mice.
  • Upregulated protein-coding RNAs were enriched in lipid metabolism and insulin signaling pathways.
  • One lncRNA, NONMMUG027912, potentially regulated by PPARα, was implicated in cholesterol biosynthesis.

Conclusions:

  • Genome-wide profiling reveals dysregulated lncRNAs in HFD-induced insulin resistance.
  • NONMMUG027912 is a key lncRNA involved in cholesterol biosynthesis regulation.
  • These findings highlight potential therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders.