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A Matched-Pair Study Comparing Surgery Plus Neoadjuvant Radio-Chemotherapy and Surgery Alone for High Rectal Cancers
Dirk Rades1, Rasmus Peuliche Vogelsang2, Maxi Treder3
1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany rades.dirk@gmx.net.
Background/Aim:
The value of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy for high rectal cancers is controversial. This study compared surgery plus neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy to surgery alone.
Patients And Methods:
Fifty-two patients with stage II/III high rectal cancers treated with surgery plus neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy were matched (1:4) to 208 patients treated with surgery alone. Matching criteria included age (≤65 vs. >65 years), gender and UICC-stage (II vs. III). These criteria were identical in all five patients used for each 1:4 matching. Both groups were compared for overall survival (OS).
Results:
On univariate analyses, age ≤65 years (p<0.001) was significantly associated with improved OS. A trend towards improved OS was found for neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (p=0.078) and UICC-stage II (p=0.060). On multivariate analysis, age (p<0.001) remained significant, and neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy showed a trend towards better OS (p=0.073).
Conclusion:
Given the limitations of this study, the results showed that neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy may improve OS in patients with stage II/III high rectal cancers. However, these results need to be verified in a prospective randomized trial.
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