Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 1, 2026

A Personalized 3D-Printed Model for Preoperative Evaluation in Thyroid Surgery
Published on: February 17, 2023
Integrating 3D Printing and Biomimetic Mineralization for Personalized Enhanced Osteogenesis, Angiogenesis, and
Limin Ma1,2,3, Xiaolan Wang1, Naru Zhao2
1Department of Orthopedics , Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510080 , PR China.
Abstract:
Titanium (Ti) alloy implants can repair bone defects at load-bearing sites. However, they mechanically mismatch with the natural bone and lack customized adaption with the irregularly major-sized load-bearing bone defects, resulting in the failure of implant fixation. Mineralized collagen (MC), a building block in bone, can induce angiogenesis and osteogenesis, and 3D printing technology can be employed to prepare scaffolds with an overall shape customized to the bone defect. Hence, we induced the formation of MC, made of hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanocrystals and collagen fibers, in 3D-printed porous Ti6Al4V (PT) scaffolds through in situ biomimetic mineralization. The resultant MC/PT scaffolds exhibited a bone-like Young's modulus and were customized to the anatomical contour of actual bone defects of rabbit model. We found that the biocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation are best when the mass ratio between HAp nanocrystals and collagen fibers is 1 in MC. We then implanted the MC/PT scaffolds into the customized radius defect rabbit model and found that the MC/PT scaffolds significantly improved the vascularized bone tissue formation and integration between new bone and the implants. Therefore, a combination of 3D printing and biomimetic mineralization could lead to customized 3D PT scaffolds for enhanced angiogenesis, osteogenesis, and osteointegration. Such scaffolds represent novel patient-specific implants for precisely repairing irregular major-sized load-bearing bone defects.
More Related Videos
13:16Computed Tomography and Optical Imaging of Osteogenesis-angiogenesis Coupling to Assess Integration of Cranial Bone Autografts and Allografts
Published on: December 22, 2015
10:29Combining 3D-Printing and Electrospinning to Manufacture Biomimetic Heart Valve Leaflets
Published on: March 23, 2022
Related Concept Videos
Water and Mineral Acquisition
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
Minerals
Major...
Mechanism of Angiogenesis
Integration by Parts: Indefinite Integrals
Integration by Parts: Definite Integrals