Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Methods of Sterilization II: Chemical Methods01:30

Methods of Sterilization II: Chemical Methods

9.1K
In healthcare, the chemical method of sterilization uses chemical sterilants to treat surgical instruments and medical supplies to help prevent the transmission of infectious pathogens to patients. Due to heat sensitivity, most medical supplies and equipment should not be exposed to high temperatures. These parts include rubber, plastic, glass, and other similar elements.
Using chemical sterilization rather than heat to clean out equipment is recommended. It eradicates and removes all bacteria,...
9.1K
Passive Filters01:27

Passive Filters

1.0K
Passive filters are utilized to shape the frequency spectrum of signals across a diverse array of applications. These filters, using only passive elements like resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C), are capable of selectively allowing or blocking certain frequency ranges without the need for external power sources.
Low-Pass Filters
Low-pass filters are designed to transmit signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency, ωc, and attenuate those above it. The cutoff...
1.0K
Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

1.2K
Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
1.2K
Active Filters01:25

Active Filters

1.3K
Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:
1.3K
Chemical Formulas02:52

Chemical Formulas

61.2K
A chemical formula presents information about the proportions of atoms constituting a particular chemical compound or molecule, mainly using symbols of elements and numbers. At times other symbols, such as dashes, parentheses, brackets, commas, plus, and minus signs, are also used. A chemical formula can be one of three types – molecular, empirical, and structural.
61.2K
Chemical Equations03:10

Chemical Equations

81.3K
Chemical equations represent the identities and relative quantities of substances involved in a chemical reaction. The substances undergoing reaction are called reactants, and their formulas are placed on the left side of the equation. The substances generated by the reaction are called products, and their formulas are placed on the right side of the equation. Plus signs (+) separate individual reactant and product formulas, and an arrow (→) separates the reactant and product (left and right)...
81.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Integrated Chemical and Toxicity Screening of Tap Drinking Water across Western Oregon Using Suspect and Nontarget Screening.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

Gunshot residue PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure: Cardiopulmonary effects and the role of RAGE signaling in inflammation and oxidative stress.

Journal of hazardous materials·2026
Same author

Integrating portable X-Ray fluorescence and personal air sampling into ethnographic field research during agrichemical fumigation in an avocado orchard: field challenges encountered and lessons learned.

BMC research notes·2026
Same author

Morphological, Behavioral, and Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals Developmental Toxicity of PCB Metabolites in Zebrafish.

Toxics·2026
Same author

A systematic review of low-level ambient fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) exposures and adverse cardiovascular health outcomes.

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)·2026
Same author

Biomimetic Partitioning and Pharmacokinetic Insights into Phytocannabinoids.

ACS omega·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Use of a Filter Cartridge for Filtration of Water Samples and Extraction of Environmental DNA
08:04

Use of a Filter Cartridge for Filtration of Water Samples and Extraction of Environmental DNA

Published on: November 25, 2016

28.3K

PM2.5 Filter Extraction Methods: Implications for Chemical and Toxicological Analyses.

Courtney Roper1, Lisandra Santiago Delgado1,2, Damien Barrett3

  • 1Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States.

Environmental Science & Technology
|December 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Standardizing fine particulate matter (PM2.5) extraction methods is crucial for accurate toxicology research. Different extraction techniques significantly alter chemical composition and impact biological responses, affecting interlaboratory comparisons.

More Related Videos

An Efficient Method for Extracting Human Fallopian Tube Epithelia for Single-cell Analyses
07:03

An Efficient Method for Extracting Human Fallopian Tube Epithelia for Single-cell Analyses

Published on: March 28, 2025

1.2K
Obtaining 3D Chemical Maps by Energy Filtered Transmission Electron Microscopy Tomography
08:15

Obtaining 3D Chemical Maps by Energy Filtered Transmission Electron Microscopy Tomography

Published on: June 9, 2018

6.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Use of a Filter Cartridge for Filtration of Water Samples and Extraction of Environmental DNA
08:04

Use of a Filter Cartridge for Filtration of Water Samples and Extraction of Environmental DNA

Published on: November 25, 2016

28.3K
An Efficient Method for Extracting Human Fallopian Tube Epithelia for Single-cell Analyses
07:03

An Efficient Method for Extracting Human Fallopian Tube Epithelia for Single-cell Analyses

Published on: March 28, 2025

1.2K
Obtaining 3D Chemical Maps by Energy Filtered Transmission Electron Microscopy Tomography
08:15

Obtaining 3D Chemical Maps by Energy Filtered Transmission Electron Microscopy Tomography

Published on: June 9, 2018

6.8K

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure poses a global public health risk.
  • Toxicology studies require PM2.5 extraction from filters, but standardized methods are lacking.
  • Variability in extraction methods can compromise interlaboratory comparisons and study accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how different PM2.5 filter extraction methods affect chemical composition and bioactivity.
  • To assess the impact of extraction-induced chemical changes on biological endpoints.
  • To provide a rationale for standardizing PM2.5 extraction in toxicology research.

Main Methods:

  • Equal portions of a single PM2.5 filter were subjected to various extraction methods.
  • Chemical composition (elements, PAHs) of extracts was analyzed.
  • Bioactivity was assessed by examining effects on zebrafish development (mortality incidence and timing).

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in elemental and PAH concentrations were observed between extraction methods.
  • Extraction altered chemical profiles compared to standard ambient sample characterization.
  • PM2.5 extraction methods significantly impacted zebrafish mortality incidence and timing.

Conclusions:

  • Filter extraction methods critically influence PM2.5 chemical composition and bioactivity.
  • Standardization of PM2.5 extraction is essential for reliable and reproducible toxicology research.
  • Choosing an appropriate extraction method is vital for accurate interlaboratory comparisons in PM2.5 health studies.