[Functional anatomy of the elbow joint]

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Biomechanics
• Anatomy

Context:

• The elbow joint is a complex articulation involving the humerus, ulna, and radius.
• Understanding its mechanics is crucial for diagnosing and treating injuries.
• Periarticular structures and adjacent muscles play a vital role in elbow function.

Purpose:

• To describe the combined action of the elbow joint's bony elements and capsular ligaments as a functional unit.
• To emphasize the mechanisms preventing abrupt limitations in elbow movement.
• To discuss surgical approaches and provide a general survey of elbow joint kinematics and kinetics.

Summary:

• The study integrates the bony elements and capsular ligaments of the elbow joint, highlighting mechanisms that ensure smooth movement.
• It details periarticular structures, adjacent muscles, and surgical approaches.
• Analysis of articular cartilage and bone density suggests they reflect joint stresses, indicating that at least one distal bony element must be functionally effective for elbow stability under axial pressure.

Impact:

• Provides a comprehensive understanding of elbow joint biomechanics and stability.
• Informs surgical strategies and rehabilitation protocols for elbow injuries.
• Offers insights into the morphological adaptations of the elbow joint to mechanical stresses.