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Exercise-induced bronchospasm in children and adolescents
1University of Washington, Seattle.
Pediatric Clinics of North America
|October 1, 1988
Summary
Early recognition and management of exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) enable children and adolescents to fully participate in sports. Diagnosis involves questionnaires and exercise challenge tests, with management including non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic strategies.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Sports Medicine
- Allergy and Immunology
Background:
- Exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) can limit physical activity in children and adolescents.
- Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management and participation in sports.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline diagnostic approaches for EIB.
- To detail non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic management strategies for EIB.
- To discuss the use of EIB medications in competitive sports.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis relies on patient history (coughing, chest congestion, decreased exercise performance).
- Systematic questionnaires aid in identifying individuals with EIB.
- Exercise challenge tests (treadmill, cycloergometer) verify exercise-induced bronchospasm.
Main Results:
- Non-pharmacologic management includes vigorous warm-ups, rebreathing masks, and anaerobic fitness training.
- Pharmacologic options include cromolyn sodium, beta-adrenergic agonists, theophylline, ipratromium bromide, calcium channel blockers, and terfenadine.
- Approved medications can be used in national and international competitions.
Conclusions:
- Effective management of EIB allows children and adolescents to engage fully in physical activities and sports.
- A combination of diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies ensures optimal outcomes.
- Consideration of medication approval is necessary for athletes in competitive settings.