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[Leukemia in childhood].

G Masera1, L Adamoli, V Conter

  • 1Clinica Pediatrica, Università di Milano, Ospedale San Gerardo di Monza, Italia.

La Pediatria Medica E Chirurgica : Medical and Surgical Pediatrics
|March 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Pediatric leukemia survival has improved significantly due to intensive chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation (BMT). While many children achieve a normal quality of life, long-term effects and psychosocial impacts require further study.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
  • Leukemia Treatment Advances
  • Bone Marrow Transplantation

Context:

  • Prognosis for childhood leukemia has dramatically improved over the past two decades.
  • Current cure rates exceed 50% for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and 30% for Acute non-Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ANLL) with chemotherapy.
  • Intensive multidrug treatment schedules, exemplified by the German BFM group and Italian AIEOP protocols, have enhanced outcomes.

Purpose:

  • To review the advancements in pediatric leukemia treatment, focusing on chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation (BMT).
  • To highlight the improved survival rates and treatment strategies in childhood leukemia.
  • To discuss the role of BMT in specific pediatric leukemia cases and emerging transplantation techniques.

Summary:

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  • Chemotherapy offers significant cure rates for childhood ALL and ANLL.
  • Allogeneic matched bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is crucial for relapsed ALL and chronic myeloid leukemia, and often for ANLL in first complete remission.
  • Autologous and alternative allogeneic BMT strategies show promise when matched donors are unavailable.

Impact:

  • Most children cured of leukemia experience a normal quality of life.
  • Long-term studies are essential to assess late effects and psychosocial well-being.
  • The role of family physicians in managing long-term care for childhood leukemia survivors is increasingly important.