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Alcohol Outlet Density and Area-Level Heavy Drinking Are Independent Risk Factors for Higher Alcohol-Related
Yusuf Ransome1,2, Hui Luan3,4, Xun Shi5
1Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, 4th Floor LEPH, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA. yusuf.ransome@yale.edu.
Higher off-premises alcohol outlet density and heavy drinking prevalence are linked to increased alcohol-related complaints in New York City. Heavy drinking is a key factor connecting outlet density to these complaints.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Urban Planning
- Criminology
Background:
- Alcohol outlet density is linked to crime and injury.
- Less is known about alcohol outlet density and alcohol-related complaints.
Purpose of the Study:
- To model the association between alcohol outlet density and alcohol-related complaints.
- To investigate the role of heavy drinking prevalence in this association.
Main Methods:
- Bayesian hierarchical Poisson regression with spatial autocorrelation.
- Used NYC Open Data for complaints and graffiti, ESRI Business Analyst for alcohol density, and NYC Community Health Survey for drinking prevalence.
- Analyzed aggregated data by ZIP code in New York City (2009-2015).
Main Results:
- A one-unit increase in off-premises alcohol outlet density was associated with a 47% higher risk of complaints at bars/restaurants.
- Area-level heavy drinking prevalence was associated with a 59% higher risk of complaints at bars/restaurants and a 40% higher risk elsewhere.
- Heavy drinking prevalence independently links alcohol outlet density to alcohol-related complaints.
Conclusions:
- Area-level heavy drinking prevalence is a significant mediator between alcohol outlet density and alcohol-related complaints in NYC.
- Heavy drinking prevalence may predict other public health issues like drug overdose mortality.
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