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Henri Agut1,2,3, Sonia Burrel1,2,3, Pascale Bonnafous2,3

  • 1Service de virologie, groupe hospitalier La Pitié-Salpêtrière - Charles-Foix, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.

La Revue Du Praticien
|December 5, 2018
PubMed
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Novel antiviral drug research is advancing, targeting viral replication and entry to overcome limitations like resistance and toxicity. Future efforts focus on increasing antiviral specificity and efficacy for better patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Pharmacology

Context:

  • Antiviral drugs are crucial for treating viral infections, with notable successes against HIV, hepatitis B/C, and influenza.
  • Current antivirals target viral enzymes, genome replication, and viral entry/assembly processes.

Purpose:

  • To review the current landscape of antiviral drug research and development.
  • To identify limitations of existing antiviral therapies and future research directions.

Summary:

  • Antiviral drugs target viral replication enzymes (DNA/RNA polymerases) and processes like binding, penetration, assembly, and release.
  • Mechanisms include nucleoside/nucleotide analogs (e.g., acyclovir, cidofovir) and direct inhibitors (e.g., foscarnet, neuraminidase inhibitors).
  • Antiretrovirals encompass protease, integrase, and entry inhibitors.
Keywords:
Antiviraux

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Impact:

  • Future research aims to develop more specific antivirals to combat resistance, eradicate latent infections, and reduce toxicity.
  • Addressing economic factors is crucial for continued progress in antiviral drug development.