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A framework for conducting economic evaluations alongside natural experiments.

Manuela Deidda1, Claudia Geue1, Noemi Kreif2

  • 1Health Economics & Health Technology Assessment, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, 1 Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow, G12 8RZ, United Kingdom.

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|December 5, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evaluating population health interventions (PHIs) using natural experiments (NEs) requires specific economic evaluation methods. Current guidance, focused on randomized controlled trials, is inadequate for NEs, potentially biasing results.

Keywords:
ChecklistEconomic evaluationGuidanceNatural experimentsPopulation health interventions

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Economics
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Growing global focus on reducing health risks and associated costs from unhealthy diets, inactivity, and substance use.
  • Increasing demand for evidence-based, cost-effective Population Health Interventions (PHIs).
  • Limitations of traditional research designs like randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for evaluating complex PHIs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the inadequacy of current economic evaluation guidance for Natural Experiments (NEs).
  • To highlight challenges in designing and conducting economic evaluations alongside NEs for PHIs.
  • To propose a methodological framework and research agenda for economic evaluations of PHIs using NEs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing economic evaluation guidance and its applicability to Natural Experiments (NEs).
  • Identification of specific challenges in applying standard economic evaluation methods to NE designs.
  • Development of a comprehensive framework for economic evaluations alongside NEs.

Main Results:

  • Current economic evaluation guidance, primarily for RCTs, is insufficient for NEs.
  • Inappropriate application of existing guidance can lead to suboptimal design, data collection, and analysis.
  • This suboptimal approach risks introducing bias in the estimated effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of PHIs.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for a robust methodological framework for economic evaluations of PHIs conducted alongside NEs.
  • The proposed framework aims to improve the design, conduct, and analysis of such evaluations.
  • Further research is needed to refine and implement this framework to ensure accurate assessment of PHI value.