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Complementary feeding practices and nutritional status of children 6-23 months old: formative study in Aceh,
Aripin Ahmad1,2, Siti Madanijah2, Cesilia Meti Dwiriani2
1Department of Nutrition, Health Polytechnic, Aceh Health Ministry, Jl. Soekarno Hatta, Darul Imarah Aceh Besar 23231, Indonesia.
Insights
Suboptimal complementary feeding (CF) practices are common in infants aged 6-23 months, leading to high rates of underweight, wasting, and stunting. Improving CF is crucial for child development and nutritional status.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Nutrition Science
- Public Health
Background:
- The period from 6 to 23 months is critical for infant development within the first 1,000 days of life.
- Optimizing complementary feeding (CF) practices is essential for maximizing children's growth and developmental potential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze complementary feeding (CF) practices in children aged 6-23 months.
- To assess the nutritional status of children aged 6-23 months in relation to their feeding practices.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 392 children aged 6-23 months using stratified random sampling.
- Data collection included interviews for socio-demographic and CF practices, and 24-hour food recall.
- Nutritional status assessed via underweight, wasting, and stunting indicators; chi-square test used for analysis.
Main Results:
- Only 50% of children received timely introduction of CF, with 40% meeting minimum acceptable diet standards.
- Prevalence of underweight, wasting, and stunting were 26%, 23%, and 28%, respectively.
- Several socio-demographic factors and feeding practices were associated with different nutritional status indicators.
Conclusions:
- Suboptimal complementary feeding practices are prevalent in the studied population.
- High rates of underweight, wasting, and stunting highlight significant nutritional challenges.
- Interventions are needed to improve complementary feeding and the nutritional status of young children.
Background/Objectives:
The 6-23 months for infants is the longest period in the "first 1,000 days" of life. This period is very important for child development, so complementary feeding (CF) practices should be optimized to maximize children's potential for growth and development. The aim of this study was to analyze the CF practices and nutritional status of children aged 6-23 months.
Subjects/Methods:
For this cross-sectional study, 392 children aged 6-23 months were selected using stratified random sampling. Socio-demographic data were collected through interviews. CF practices, collected by interviews and repeated 24-hour food recall method, were the timely introduction of CF, minimum meal frequency, dietary diversity and minimum acceptable diet, consumption food rich in proteins and vitamin A. Nutritional status was assessed using the indicators of underweight, wasting and stunting. To analyze the association between socio-demographic indicators and CF with nutritional status, the chi-square test with a confidence interval of 95% was used.
Results:
Results showed that 39% were exclusively breastfed, only 61% received prolonged breastfeeding and 50% received timely introduction of CF. Minimum meal frequency was met by 74% of subjects, but dietary diversity and minimum acceptable diet were only realized in 50% and 40% of the children, respectively. The prevalence of underweight, wasting, and stunting were 26%, 23%, and 28%, respectively. Age of the child, birth order, birth weight, parents' education level, family size and incidence of fever and diarrhea during the previous two weeks were associated with underweight, while child's birth order, fathers' education level, mother's age, family size, completion of the age-appropriate vaccination and fish consumption frequency were associated with wasting. Age of the child, incidence of fever and acute respiratory infection, and fortified food consumption were associated with stunting.
Conclusions:
Suboptimal CF practices and high prevalence of underweight, wasting and stunting were found among children aged 6-23 months old in Aceh. These results highlight the need to improve CF and nutritional status.
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