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QTL Mapping and CRISPR/Cas9 Editing to Identify a Drug Resistance Gene in Toxoplasma gondii

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Mapping versatile QTL for soybean downy mildew resistance.

Fumio Taguchi-Shiobara¹, Kenichiro Fujii², Takashi Sayama^2,3

¹Soybean and Field Crop Applied Genomics Research Unit, Institute of Crop Science, National Agricultural and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8518, Japan. fstagu@affrc.go.jp.

TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. Theoretische Und Angewandte Genetik

|December 6, 2018

Summary

Researchers identified three key quantitative trait loci (QTL) for soybean downy mildew resistance in Japan. These QTL are effective in the Kanto and Tohoku regions, offering a promising avenue for crop improvement.

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Area of Science:

Plant Genetics and Breeding
Agricultural Science
Crop Protection

Background:

Soybean downy mildew significantly impacts crop yield and quality, particularly in Japan where soybeans are a staple food.
Understanding the genetic basis of resistance is crucial for developing resilient soybean varieties.
Previous race differentiation studies for downy mildew in Japan are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring resistance to soybean downy mildew.
To determine the efficacy of these QTL in the Kanto and Tohoku regions of Japan.
To confirm the effectiveness of identified QTL using advanced breeding lines.

Main Methods:

QTL analysis was performed on five recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations derived from diverse soybean crosses over four years (2014-2017).
Spontaneous downy mildew symptoms were evaluated, and 112-233 polymorphic markers were applied to each RIL population.
Confirmed QTL were validated using recombinant fixed pairs and backcrossed lines in targeted regions.

Main Results:

A total of 31 QTL were detected across the populations, with significant clusters on chromosomes 3 and 7.
Two QTL on chromosome 7 and one on chromosome 18 from the 'Natto-shoryu' x 'Tachinagaha' (NT) population were effective in both Kanto and Tohoku regions.
A QTL on chromosome 8 from the 'Satonohohoemi' x 'Fukuibuki' (SF) population was also confirmed effective in both regions after backcrossing.

Conclusions:

Three versatile QTL, two on chromosomes 7 and 18 (from NT) and one on chromosome 8 (from SF), provide effective resistance to soybean downy mildew in key Japanese agricultural regions.
These identified QTL represent valuable genetic resources for breeding soybean varieties with enhanced downy mildew resistance.
The findings contribute to improving soybean production and food security in Japan.