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Related Concept Videos

Structural Protein Function01:56

Structural Protein Function

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Structural proteins are a category of proteins responsible for functions ranging from cell shape and movement to providing support to major structures such as bones, cartilage, hair, and muscles. This group includes proteins such as collagen, actin, myosin, and keratin.
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Overview of Advanced Functional Groups02:22

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Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
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Fruit Development, Structure, and Function01:58

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Fruits form from a mature flower ovary. As seeds develop from the ovules contained within, the ovary wall undergoes a series of complex changes to form fruit. In some fruits, such as soybeans, the ovary wall dries; in other fruits, such as grapes, it remains fleshy. In some cases, organs other than the ovary contribute to fruit formation; such fruits are called accessory fruits.
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Structure and Function of Erythrocytes01:29

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There are between 4.2 and 6 million erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, in every microliter of blood. These cells are small, flattened biconcave discs with centers that are depressed.
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Structure and Function of Platelets01:18

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The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
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Recent advances in TMEM16A: Structure, function, and disease.

Qiushuang Ji1, Shuai Guo1, Xuzhao Wang1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.

Journal of Cellular Physiology
|December 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A), also known as anoctamin 1 (ANO1), functions as a calcium-activated chloride channel. Its dysfunction is linked to diseases like cancer and hypertension, with potential therapeutic targets in small molecules.

Keywords:
TMEM16Acancergastrointestinal (GI) dysfunctionhypertensionsignal transductiontopological structure

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular biology
  • Biophysics
  • Channelopathies

Background:

  • Transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A), or anoctamin 1 (ANO1), forms calcium-activated chloride channels.
  • Atomic structures of mouse TMEM16A (mTMEM16A) provide insights into its function.
  • TMEM16A is regulated by calcium ions (Ca2+) and voltage, and its dysfunction is implicated in various diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the topology, electrophysiological properties, and modulators of TMEM16A.
  • To focus on the diverse functions of TMEM16A in nociception, gastrointestinal dysfunction, hypertension, and cancer.
  • To explore the regulatory mechanisms of TMEM16A in disease pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of structural and functional studies on TMEM16A.
  • Analysis of research on TMEM16A's role in different physiological and pathological processes.
  • Compilation of data on natural and synthetic compounds modulating TMEM16A activity.

Main Results:

  • TMEM16A's structure and dual regulation by Ca2+ and voltage are elucidated.
  • TMEM16A overexpression is linked to cancer proliferation and migration.
  • Small molecules show potential for treating TMEM16A-related diseases.

Conclusions:

  • TMEM16A is a critical channel protein with diverse roles in health and disease.
  • Understanding TMEM16A's regulatory mechanisms offers therapeutic opportunities.
  • Targeting TMEM16A presents a promising strategy for treating conditions like cancer and hypertension.