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Spatial scale modulates the inference of metacommunity assembly processes.

Duarte S Viana1, Jonathan M Chase1,2

  • 1German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.

Ecology
|December 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Species distribution is shaped by local, spatial, and stochastic processes. Our study reveals that the importance of niche selection versus dispersal and drift is scale-dependent, impacting community assembly research.

Keywords:
community assemblydispersalecological driftmetacommunityneutral theoryniche selectionsampling grainspatial extentspatial scale

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Community Ecology
  • Spatial Ecology

Background:

  • Species abundance and distribution are governed by local, spatial, and stochastic processes.
  • Empirical syntheses linking these processes to metacommunity structure are lacking.
  • The relative importance of dispersal, selection, and drift is scale-dependent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how spatial grain and extent influence community assembly processes.
  • To reconcile conflicting findings in empirical studies of community assembly.
  • To develop a scale-integrative approach for comparing assembly processes.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated community assembly on heterogeneous landscapes.
  • Varied spatial extent, spatial grain, dispersal capacity, and niche breadth.
  • Analyzed the relative importance of niche selection, dispersal, and drift.

Main Results:

  • Increasing spatial extent enhances niche selection importance.
  • Increasing spatial grain reduces niche selection importance.
  • Simulation results replicated the range of variation observed in empirical studies.

Conclusions:

  • Variation in empirical findings on community assembly is largely scale-dependent.
  • Spatial scaling must be considered when inferring assembly process importance.
  • The scaling coefficient offers a method for comparing assembly processes across ecosystems.