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Superhard Tungsten Diboride-Based Solid Solutions.

Lisa E Pangilinan, Christopher L Turner, Georgiy Akopov1,2

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Inorganic Chemistry
|December 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created superhard solid solutions by substituting tungsten in tungsten diboride (WB2) with tantalum (Ta) and niobium (Nb). These new materials exhibit enhanced hardness and oxidation resistance compared to traditional compounds.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-state Chemistry
  • Physical Metallurgy

Background:

  • Tungsten diboride (WB2) is a known ceramic material with potential applications.
  • Pure WB2 is not classified as superhard, limiting its use in demanding environments.
  • Substitution with other transition metals is a strategy to enhance material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize solid solutions of tungsten diboride (WB2) with tantalum (Ta) and niobium (Nb) substitutions.
  • To investigate the effect of Ta and Nb substitution on the hardness and thermal stability of WB2.
  • To determine the solubility limits of Ta and Nb in the WB2 lattice.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of solid solutions via resistive arc melting.
  • Characterization using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Vickers microindentation, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
  • Determination of phase composition, elemental distribution, hardness, and oxidation stability.

Main Results:

  • Solubility limits established: <8 at.% for Nb and <10 at.% for Ta in WB2.
  • Achieved superhard solid solutions with Vickers hardness (Hv) up to 41.0 ± 1.2 GPa.
  • The hardest solid solution (W0.92Ta0.08B2) demonstrated oxidation resistance up to ~570 °C, outperforming tungsten carbide (WC).

Conclusions:

  • Small substitutions of W by Ta and Nb lead to the formation of superhard WB2-based solid solutions.
  • Solid solution hardening is the primary mechanism responsible for the observed increase in hardness.
  • These findings open avenues for developing novel superhard materials with improved thermal stability.