[Milk production without use of -antibiotics]

At present, the usage of antimicrobial agents in organic dairy farming is a subject of controversial public debate because of its impact on animals, humans and the environment. This study shows how farms can be successfully managed without using antimicrobials for udder diseases. Thereby, animal welfare and targeted low bulk tank somatic cell counts should not be neglected. The operating data analysed in this study was collected during feeding and milking time on 18 swiss dairy farms that have not been treating diseased udders with antibiotics for at least 3 years. This study is a cross-sectional study. Farmers put the focus on breed characteristics such as a high life performance, low bulk tank somatic cell counts over several lactations, animals with a calm character, and small-formed cows with a deep flank. A trend towards dual-purpose breeds was observed. Few persons were involved in the milking process. Moreover, 94% of the farmers were raising their own young cattle directly on the farm. Consequently, animal transport has been minimized. Furthermore, clear management practices and work processes as well as a good animal observation influenced decisively the production success. additionally some farmers used phytotherapy, homeopathy and tried and true home remedies.