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Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
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Tear-Derived Exosomal miR-15a as New Diagnostic Tool for Diabetic Retinopathy
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Diabetic retinopathy

Pauline Heitz1, David Gaucher1

  • 1Service d'ophtalmologie du Nouvel Hôpital civil, Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.

La Revue Du Praticien
|December 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening is crucial for preventing blindness in diabetic patients. Telemedicine programs are being developed in France to improve early detection and management of DR complications.

Keywords:
Diabetic retinopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Context:

  • Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of preventable blindness.
  • Current annual screening rates for DR in France are insufficient.
  • Telemedicine screening programs are being implemented to enhance DR prevention.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the importance of annual diabetic retinopathy screening.
  • To discuss the management of diabetic retinopathy complications.
  • To introduce telemedicine as a strategy for improving DR screening.

Summary:

  • Diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening can significantly alter patient prognosis and prevent blindness.
  • Key complications include proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema (DME).
  • Management involves strict metabolic control, laser photocoagulation (PRP), intravitreal injections (anti-VEGF, corticosteroids), and surgery for advanced cases.

Impact:

  • Improved early detection and timely treatment of DR can reduce the incidence of blindness.
  • Wider implementation of screening programs, including telemedicine, can enhance public health outcomes for diabetic populations.
  • Effective management of DR complications is essential for preserving vision in diabetic patients.