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Brain networks' functional connectivity separates aphasic deficits in stroke.

Antonello Baldassarre1, Nicholas V Metcalf2, Gordon L Shulman2

  • 1From IRCCS NEUROMED (A.B.), Pozzilli, IS, Italy; Departments of Neurology (N.V.M., G.L.S., M.C.), Radiology (M.C.), Anatomy & Neurobiology (M.C.), and Bioengineering (M.C.), Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Department of Neuroscience (M.C.), University of Padua; and Padua Neuroscience Center (M.C.), Italy. antonello.baldassarre@gmail.com.

Neurology
|December 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary

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Language deficits after stroke are linked to specific patterns of brain network connectivity. Impairments in grapheme-phoneme knowledge relate to the language network (LN), while executive function deficits link to the cingulo-opercular network (CON).

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurolinguistics
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Aphasic stroke can lead to various language deficits.
  • Understanding the neural basis of these deficits is crucial for targeted interventions.
  • Functional connectivity (FC) of brain networks may underlie distinct language impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if different language deficits after stroke are associated with specific functional connectivity (FC) patterns.
  • To investigate the roles of the language network (LN) and cingulo-opercular network (CON) in distinct aphasic symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Identified three clusters of language deficits in acute stroke patients with left-hemisphere damage.
  • Computed partial correlations between behavioral clusters and resting-state FC of LN and CON.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Regressed out contributions of non-interest behavioral clusters and network FC.

    • Main Results:

    • A double dissociation was observed: grapheme-phoneme deficits correlated more with LN FC, while verbal executive deficits correlated more with CON FC.
    • These associations were independent of structural damage to the LN and CON.
    • Specific language impairments were linked to abnormal patterns of correlated activity within distinct brain networks.

    Conclusions:

    • The type of language impairment after left-hemisphere stroke relates to abnormal functional network activity.
    • This extends the concept of neuropsychological double dissociation to functional network abnormalities.
    • Brain activity patterns are behaviorally specific, even after focal structural damage.