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Microbiota profile in new-onset pediatric Crohn's disease: data from a non-Western population

Mohammad I El Mouzan1, Harland S Winter2, Assad A Assiri3

  • 11Pediatric IBD Research Group, Gastroenterology Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2925, Riyadh, 11461 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Gut Pathogens
|December 7, 2018
PubMed

Insights

The gut microbiota in children with Crohn's disease (CD) in Saudi Arabia showed altered bacterial populations, with reduced diversity in stool. This suggests lifestyle changes may impact the microbiome in CD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Pediatric gastroenterology
  • Inflammatory bowel disease

Background:

  • The gut microbiota's role in Crohn's disease (CD) is recognized, but data from non-Western populations are scarce.
  • Understanding population-specific variations is crucial for comprehensive CD research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the gut microbiota profile in children diagnosed with Crohn's disease in Saudi Arabia.
  • To compare findings with existing literature from Western populations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of stool and mucosal samples from children with CD and healthy controls.
  • Assessment of microbial community composition and diversity (alpha and beta diversity).

Main Results:

  • Specific bacterial genera like Fusobacterium and Peptostreptococcus were more abundant in CD patients.
  • Genera such as Roseburia, Clostridium, and Lactobacillus were significantly depleted in children with CD.
  • Reduced alpha diversity was observed in stool samples, and beta diversity differed significantly between CD and control groups.

Conclusions:

  • The observed gut microbiota pattern in Saudi children with CD resembles that in Western populations.
  • Dietary and lifestyle changes may be influencing the gut microbiome structure in this population, contributing to CD pathogenesis.
Abstract

Keywords:
BacteriomeInflammatory bowel diseaseSaudi children

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