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Phasic coronary artery flow velocity determined by Doppler flowmeter catheter in aortic stenosis and aortic
Insights
Phasic coronary artery flow velocity in patients with aortic regurgitation (AR) shows an increased systolic (S) wave and decreased diastolic (D) wave, altering the S/D ratio. This study provides new insights into coronary flow patterns in conscious patients with aortic valve disease.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Diagnostic Cardiology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Aortic regurgitation (AR) affects cardiac hemodynamics.
- Understanding coronary artery flow dynamics is crucial for managing valvular heart disease.
- Previous studies on coronary flow velocity in aortic valve disease were limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate phasic coronary artery flow velocity patterns in patients with aortic regurgitation (AR).
- To compare coronary flow velocity patterns between AR patients, aortic stenosis patients, and healthy controls.
- To explore the correlation between coronary flow velocity and AR severity.
Main Methods:
- Phasic coronary artery flow velocity was measured using a bidirectional Doppler flowmeter catheter in 14 AR patients, 4 aortic stenosis patients, 61 other heart disease patients, and 2 normal subjects.
- The normal flow pattern is characterized by a small systolic (S) wave and a large diastolic (D) wave.
- The S/D ratio was calculated and compared across patient groups.
Main Results:
- Patients with AR exhibited an increased S wave and a decreased D wave, leading to an elevated S/D ratio in both left and right coronary arteries compared to controls.
- A positive correlation was observed between S/D ratio values and AR cineangiographic grades.
- Patients with aortic stenosis showed decreased S/D ratios.
Conclusions:
- Phasic coronary artery flow velocity patterns are altered in patients with aortic regurgitation, characterized by an increased S/D ratio.
- Doppler-derived coronary flow velocity measurements may serve as a non-invasive tool for assessing hemodynamic changes in aortic valve disease.
- This study presents novel findings on coronary flow velocity in conscious patients with aortic valve disease.
Abstract:
Phasic coronary artery flow velocity was recorded in 14 patients with aortic regurgitation (AR), 4 with aortic stenosis, 61 with other heart diseases and in 2 normal subjects by means of a bidirectional Doppler flowmeter catheter. The normal pattern of the phasic coronary artery flow velocity was characterized by a small forward flow during systole (S wave) and a large forward flow during diastole (D wave). The phasic coronary artery flow velocity in patients with AR showed increased S wave and decreased D wave. The area under the S-wave curve divided by the area under the D-wave curve (S/D ratio) in patients with AR increased (left coronary artery flow velocity 0.66 +/- 0.39, p less than 0.05; right coronary flow velocity 0.79 +/- 0.36, p less than 0.01) as compared with the S/D ratio in patients with other heart diseases (left coronary flow velocity 0.32 +/- 0.12; right coronary artery flow velocity 0.38 +/- 0.17). There was a tendency toward a relative positive correlation between S/D ratio values and AR cineangiographic grades. Decreased S/D ratios were observed in 4 patients with aortic stenosis. It is believed that no reports exist on phasic coronary flow velocity recorded in conscious patients who had aortic valve disease.