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An environmental flow determination method for integrating multiple-scale ecohydrological and complex ecosystem

Lara Van Niekerk1, Susan Taljaard2, Janine B Adams3

  • 1Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), P.O. Box 320, Stellenbosch 7599, South Africa; Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa.

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Summary

This study introduces a new 7-step environmental flow methodology for South Africa's micro-tidal estuaries. The approach integrates ecological and hydrological data, addressing scale mismatches for better estuarine management.

Keywords:
Biotic responseCase studyEnvironmental flow requirementsEstuariesFreshwater flow requirementsIntegrityMethodPalmiet estuaryProcedureSouth Africa

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Area of Science:

  • Estuarine Ecology
  • Hydrology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Traditional environmental flow methods often overlook the unique characteristics of shallow, dynamic micro-tidal estuaries.
  • Existing approaches typically focus on larger, permanently open systems with unrestricted inlets, limiting their applicability to diverse coastal environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel 7-step environmental flow methodology tailored for shallow, highly dynamic micro-tidal estuaries.
  • To address the temporal and spatial scale mismatches between abiotic processes and biotic responses in estuarine systems.
  • To develop a flexible method adaptable to varying data availability and quality in different regions.

Main Methods:

  • Employed an adaptive, design science research approach.
  • Integrated ecohydrological and ecosystem-based concepts, encompassing hydrological, hydrodynamic, and biogeochemical processes, alongside biotic responses.
  • Introduced concepts like zoning and major physical states to simplify and aggregate abiotic processes for biotic analysis.

Main Results:

  • Developed a 7-step methodology accommodating shallow, dynamic micro-tidal estuaries.
  • Successfully addressed scale mismatches between abiotic and biotic components through simplification and aggregation.
  • Created a flexible method with adaptable data requirements suitable for data-limited regions.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed methodology offers a robust framework for environmental flow determination in underrepresented estuarine types.
  • Long-term monitoring is crucial for refining input data and evaluating the effectiveness of allocated flows.
  • Future work should focus on accommodating shorter-term flow variations and integrating global change pressures like pollution and habitat destruction.