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Updated: Feb 1, 2026

A Virtual Simulation Experiment of Mechanics: Material Deformation and Failure Based on Scanning Electron Microscopy
Published on: January 20, 2023
Secondary electron emission and yield spectra of metals from Monte Carlo simulations and experiments
Martina Azzolini1,2, Marco Angelucci3, Roberto Cimino3
1European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Related Areas (*ECT*-FBK) and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications (TIFPA-INFN), Trento, Italy.
Abstract:
In this work, we present a computational method, based on the Monte Carlo statistical approach, for calculating electron energy emission and yield spectra of metals, such as copper, silver and gold. The calculation of these observables proceeds via the Mott theory with a Dirac-Hartree-Fock spherical potential to deal with the elastic scattering processes, and by using the Ritchie dielectric approach to model the electron inelastic scattering events. In the latter case, the dielectric function, which represents the starting point for the evaluation of the energy loss, is obtained from experimental reflection electron energy loss spectra. The generation of secondary electrons upon ionization of the samples is also implemented in the calculation. A remarkable agreement is obtained between both theoretical and experimental electron emission spectra and yield curves.
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