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Next Generation Sequencing in Clinical Oncology: Applications, Challenges and Promises: A Review Article

Faezeh Shabani Azim1, Hamidreza Houri2, Zohreh Ghalavand2

  • 1Student Scientific Research Center, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Iranian Journal of Public Health
|December 8, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) offers powerful applications in clinical oncology for genetic diagnosis, cancer classification, and personalized medicine. This technology enables rapid, cost-effective molecular profiling for improved cancer care.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Bioinformatics
  • Oncology and Cancer Research
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Clinical oncology increasingly relies on advanced molecular insights for patient care.
  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has emerged as a transformative tool in this domain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the applications of next-generation sequencing in clinical oncology.
  • To highlight its role in genetic diagnosis, cancer classification, predictive biomarkers, and personalized medicine.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive search of scientific databases was conducted.
  • Relevant data pertaining to NGS applications in oncology was collected and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • NGS facilitates effective analysis of whole-genome and whole-exome sequences of tumors.
  • Targeted genome profiling, transcriptome sequencing, and tumor-normal comparisons are achievable.
  • These analyses aid in the diagnosis of various cancer types.

Conclusions:

  • NGS technology is capable of discovering novel and rare gene alterations.
  • It aids in identifying hereditary cancer mutation carriers.
  • NGS provides a reliable, quick, and cost-effective molecular portrait of diverse cancers.
Keywords:
BiomarkersCancerGenetic diagnosisNext generation sequencingPersonalized medicines

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