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Mapping Structure-Function Relationships in the Brain.

Abraham Z Snyder1, Adam Q Bauer1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.

Biological Psychiatry. Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
|December 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores mapping brain activity and neural connectivity in rodents using optogenetics combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging or optical intrinsic signal imaging for better understanding of brain disorders.

Keywords:
Effective connectivityFunctional connectivityFunctional neuroimagingOptogeneticsStructural connectivityTranscranial magnetic stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Systems Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Connectomics

Background:

  • Brain connectivity mapping is crucial for understanding behavioral dysfunction.
  • Human neuroimaging techniques are increasingly adapted for animal models.
  • Bridging cross-species and spatiotemporal scales in brain connectivity is a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methods for mapping brain activity and neural connectivity in rodent models.
  • To highlight the use of optogenetics with hemodynamic imaging techniques.
  • To discuss strategies for cross-species brain connectivity mapping.

Main Methods:

  • Optogenetics combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
  • Optogenetics combined with optical intrinsic signal imaging (OISI).
  • Review of blood-based imaging methods and other mapping techniques.

Main Results:

  • Optogenetics and hemodynamic imaging provide insights into neural circuitry.
  • These techniques closely link rodent brain activity to human neuroimaging studies.
  • Discussion of capabilities and limitations of blood-based imaging.

Conclusions:

  • Cross-species brain mapping enhances understanding of neural circuitry.
  • Strategies for human brain connectivity mapping with clinical applications are discussed.
  • Findings can influence preclinical imaging and clinical practices.