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Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Published on: March 19, 2017
Enhanced efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells using polymer-coated bilayer zinc oxide nanocrystals as
Khalid Mahmood1, Arshi Khalid2, Muhammad Shahzad Zafar3
1Department of Chemical & Polymer Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology Lahore, Faisalabad Campus, 3½ Km. Khurrianwala - Makkuana By-Pass, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Abstract:
A novel polymer-coated ZnO based bilayer electron transporting material is investigated for highly efficiency perovskite solar cells. The bilayer ETM consisting of an upper-layer of ZnO nanosheets and a lower-layer of ZnO nanoparticles demonstrates the averaged power conversion efficiency of 13.11% and a maximum power conversion efficiency of 15.13%, compared to single-layers of nanosheets (power conversion efficiency = 11.73%) and nanoparticles (power conversion efficiency = 11.08%) films. A conformal coating of a polymer such as polyethylenimine on the surface of bilayered film leading to a significant boost in power conversion efficiency upto 16.39%, thanks to the reduced work function, rapid electron transport and better perovskite infiltration into the bilayer electron transporting material.
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