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Growing up with perinatal HIV

Patricia M Flynn1, Elaine J Abrams2,3

  • 1St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.

AIDS (London, England)
|December 12, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved survival for children with perinatal HIV infection. Long-term effects of HIV and ART impact growth and neurodevelopment in aging adolescents and young adults.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Over 4 million children globally are infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), primarily through perinatal transmission.
  • Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly decreased mortality rates in children with HIV, enabling many to thrive.

Discussion:

  • Long-term HIV infection and its treatment present unique challenges for aging adolescents and young adults.
  • Complications seen in adults with HIV are emerging in this pediatric population.
  • Key impacts include significant effects on growth and neurodevelopment.

Key Insights:

  • Understanding the long-term consequences of perinatal HIV and ART is crucial for effective management.
  • Adolescents and young adults with perinatal HIV experience developmental impacts, including neurodevelopmental changes.
  • This demographic requires specialized care to address the complexities of growing up with HIV.

Outlook:

  • Low and middle-income countries need to prepare for the growing population of adolescents and young adults with perinatal HIV.
  • Proactive management strategies are essential to ensure the long-term health and well-being of this population.
  • Continued research into the long-term effects of HIV and ART in children is vital for optimizing care.

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