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Phenotypic Characterization of DFNB16-associated Hearing Loss
Daniela Back1, Wafaa Shehata-Dieler1, Barbara Vona2
1Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, Comprehensive Hearing Center, University Hospital Würzburg.
Summary
Genetic testing for STRC mutations (DFNB16) can identify characteristic hearing loss patterns. This research highlights moderate sensorineural hearing loss with absent otoacoustic emissions in DFNB16 patients, aiding diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Audiology
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Congenital hearing loss is common, with genetic factors in 50-70% of cases.
- DFNB1 is the most frequent genetic cause, but DFNB16 (STRC gene) also contributes.
- DFNB16's complex genetics necessitates specialized molecular testing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically characterize the audiological phenotype in patients with DFNB16-related hearing loss.
- To correlate audiological findings with genetic results in STRC-positive individuals.
Main Methods:
- Human genetic testing was performed on 290 patients with suspected inherited hearing loss.
- Eighty-two DFNB1-negative patients underwent DFNB16 locus testing.
- STRC-positive patients received comprehensive audiological evaluations and epidemiological data collection.
Main Results:
- Eleven percent (9/82) of tested patients had STRC mutations (3 homozygous, 6 compound heterozygous).
- Audiological findings included moderate hearing loss and auditory brainstem response thresholds of 40-50 dB nHL.
- Otoacoustic emissions were absent in most patients, detected in only one.
Conclusions:
- DFNB16 locus testing is recommended after negative DFNB1 screening.
- DFNB16-associated hearing loss presents as moderate sensorineural hearing loss with absent otoacoustic emissions.
- This study is the first to link audiological characteristics with genetic findings in STRC-related hearing loss.
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