Acute coronary syndrome in a young woman with antithrombin III deficiency
Nada Fennich1, Akhbour Salwa1, Bouzamour Nadia1
1Department of Cardiology B, Ibn Sina Hospital, University Mohamed V, Rabat, Morocco.
Insights
A rare case of acute coronary syndrome in a young woman was linked to antithrombin III deficiency. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of this hypercoagulable state are crucial to prevent recurrent cardiac events.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Hematology
Background:
- Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is uncommon in young adults without traditional risk factors.
- Antithrombin III deficiency is a rare inherited thrombophilia.
- Myocardial infarction in young individuals necessitates investigation into underlying hypercoagulable states.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a rare case of ACS in a young woman attributed to antithrombin III deficiency.
- To highlight the importance of considering thrombophilia in unexplained ACS.
- To emphasize timely diagnosis and management of hypercoagulable states.
Main Methods:
- Case presentation of a 30-year-old woman with extensive myocardial infarction.
- Coronary angiography to assess coronary artery patency and thrombosis.
- Thrombus aspiration and percutaneous coronary intervention.
- Laboratory investigations to identify antithrombin III deficiency.
Main Results:
- Simultaneous thrombosis of the left anterior descending and circumflex arteries was observed.
- Percutaneous coronary intervention yielded satisfactory results.
- Antithrombin III deficiency was confirmed as the underlying cause.
- Long-term anticoagulation therapy was initiated.
Conclusions:
- Antithrombin III deficiency can precipitate acute coronary syndrome, even in young individuals.
- Hypercoagulable states should be suspected in cases of ACS without conventional risk factors.
- Early identification and management of antithrombin III deficiency are vital for preventing recurrent cardiovascular events.
Abstract:
Acute coronary syndrome due to antithrombin III deficiency has been rarely reported. We describe a case of a 30-year-old woman, with no conventional risk factors, presenting with an extensive myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography revealed a simultaneous thrombosis of the left anterior descending artery and the circumflex artery, thrombus aspiration was performed, and the result of percutaneous coronary intervention was satisfactory. The biological examinations identified an antithrombin III deficiency, and long-term anticoagulation was indicated. <Learning objective: Acute coronary syndrome in young adults is rare. The coronary event should evoke the diagnosis of hypercoagulable states. Early recognition and appropriate treatment may prevent recurrences.>.
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