Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

218.5K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
218.5K
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

6.4K
Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
6.4K
Static Equilibrium - I01:05

Static Equilibrium - I

18.9K
A rigid body is said to be in dynamic equilibrium when both its linear and angular acceleration are zero, relative to an inertial frame of reference. This means that a body in equilibrium can be moving, but only when its linear and angular velocities are constant. A rigid body is said to be in static equilibrium when it is at rest in the selected frame of reference. The distinction between static equilibrium (e.g., a state of rest) and dynamic equilibrium (e.g, a state of uniform motion) is...
18.9K
Static Equilibrium - II01:07

Static Equilibrium - II

10.0K
Static equilibrium is a special case in mechanics that is very important in everyday life. It occurs when the net force and the net torque on an object or system are both zero. This means that both the linear and angular accelerations are zero. Thus, the object is at rest, or its center of mass is moving at a constant velocity. However, this does not mean that no forces are acting on the object within the system. In fact, there are very few scenarios on Earth in which no forces are acting upon...
10.0K
Static Friction01:18

Static Friction

1.4K
Static friction is a force that opposes the relative motion or tendency of motion between two surfaces in contact. It plays a crucial role in our daily lives, from walking on the ground to driving a car.
For example, consider a scenario where a truck is connected to a car by a rope, ready to tow it along a road. When no external force is applied by the truck, the car remains stationary and is said to be in static equilibrium. In this case, the forces acting on the car, such as gravity and the...
1.4K
Problem Solving in Statics01:28

Problem Solving in Statics

1.7K
Problem-solving in statics is a crucial aspect of engineering and physics that involves resolving issues associated with bodies in a state of equilibrium. In most cases, problem-solving requires several steps to achieve an accurate result. These steps are crucial to ensuring that the solution is accurate and practical.
The physical situation and mathematical modeling must be considered; however, it is challenging to represent all physical situations using mathematical modeling. With the help of...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Unlocking Gd(III) Anisotropy: Determining the Zero-Field Splitting Axes to Enhance Spin-Label Structural Analysis.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Trityl-Nitroxide Triradicals for Efficient High-Field Dynamic Nuclear Polarization.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same author

Beyond a Passive Tether: Structural Insights into the Disordered Tail of Hsp90.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Rigid and stable nitroxide spin label for high-resolution distance measurements on proteins by DEER experiments.

Magnetic resonance letters·2026
Same author

Can label or protein deuteration extend the phase relaxation time of Gd(III) spin labels?

Magnetic resonance (Gottingen, Germany)·2026
Same author

Sensitivity Enhancement in Pulsed Hyperfine EPR Spectroscopy with Hadamard-Encoded Acquisition.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

In vivo Quantification of G Protein Coupled Receptor Interactions using Spectrally Resolved Two-photon Microscopy
14:26

In vivo Quantification of G Protein Coupled Receptor Interactions using Spectrally Resolved Two-photon Microscopy

Published on: January 19, 2011

13.7K

Experimental quantification of electron spectral-diffusion under static DNP conditions.

Krishnendu Kundu1, Marie Ramirez Cohen, Akiva Feintuch

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel. shimon.vega@weizmann.ac.il.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|December 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) enhances NMR signals. This study validates the eSD model for electron depolarization, finding the key parameter ΛeSD concentration-dependent but temperature-independent in TEMPOL radicals.

More Related Videos

RGB and Spectral Root Imaging for Plant Phenotyping and Physiological Research: Experimental Setup and Imaging Protocols
11:37

RGB and Spectral Root Imaging for Plant Phenotyping and Physiological Research: Experimental Setup and Imaging Protocols

Published on: August 8, 2017

17.0K
In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging
06:34

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2016

6.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 1, 2026

In vivo Quantification of G Protein Coupled Receptor Interactions using Spectrally Resolved Two-photon Microscopy
14:26

In vivo Quantification of G Protein Coupled Receptor Interactions using Spectrally Resolved Two-photon Microscopy

Published on: January 19, 2011

13.7K
RGB and Spectral Root Imaging for Plant Phenotyping and Physiological Research: Experimental Setup and Imaging Protocols
11:37

RGB and Spectral Root Imaging for Plant Phenotyping and Physiological Research: Experimental Setup and Imaging Protocols

Published on: August 8, 2017

17.0K
In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging
06:34

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2016

6.8K

Area of Science:

  • Solid-state Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) amplifies NMR signals by transferring polarization from electron spins to nuclei.
  • Electron spin depolarization during DNP involves microwave irradiation and electron-electron cross-relaxation.
  • Electron-electron double resonance (ELDOR) under DNP conditions maps electron depolarization profiles, linked to spectral diffusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To substantiate the phenomenological eSD model describing spectral diffusion and electron depolarization under DNP conditions.
  • To test the predictability of the eSD model using experimental ELDOR data.
  • To investigate the physical basis of the crucial eSD model parameter, ΛeSD, by analyzing its dependence on temperature and radical concentration.

Main Methods:

  • Performed Electron-electron double resonance (ELDOR) measurements on TEMPOL radical glassy solutions.
  • Varied experimental conditions including temperature (3-20 K) and radical concentration (20-40 mM).
  • Utilized the eSD model for simulations to determine the dependence of the parameter ΛeSD on temperature and concentration.

Main Results:

  • The eSD model successfully reproduced experimental electron depolarization profiles.
  • The key parameter ΛeSD was found to be independent of temperature within the studied range.
  • ΛeSD exhibited a concentration dependence proportional to the power of ~2.6, correlating with electron-electron dipolar interaction strength.

Conclusions:

  • The eSD model is a valid tool for describing electron depolarization and spectral diffusion in DNP experiments.
  • The parameter ΛeSD's concentration dependence provides insights into the role of electron-electron dipolar interactions in polarization exchange.
  • This work supports the quantum mechanical basis of the eSD model and its applicability to complex spin systems.