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Related Experiment Video

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Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors

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Published on: January 3, 2017

Age Effects on Concurrent Speech Segregation by Onset Asynchrony.

Maria V Stuckenberg^1,2,3, Chaitra V Nayak¹, Bernd T Meyer¹

¹Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all," Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Germany.

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR

|December 12, 2018

Summary

Elderly listeners struggle with speech segregation due to hearing challenges. However, both young and elderly individuals equally benefit from onset asynchrony cues for separating concurrent sounds.

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Area of Science:

Auditory Neuroscience
Psychoacoustics
Gerontology

Background:

Older adults experience greater difficulty in segregating speech in noisy environments compared to younger individuals.
This difficulty may stem from impaired auditory cue processing, such as onset timing, crucial for distinguishing simultaneous speech streams.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate age-related differences in utilizing onset asynchrony for concurrent speech segregation.
To compare the benefits of onset asynchrony between young and elderly listeners.

Main Methods:

Behavioral testing of speech segregation accuracy with varying onset asynchronies (20-100 ms) in young and elderly listeners.
Measurement of event-related brain potentials, specifically the object-related negativity (ORN), to assess auditory object perception.

Main Results:

Elderly listeners demonstrated significantly lower behavioral performance in identifying segregated vowels compared to young listeners.
Both age groups exhibited comparable improvements in performance with increasing onset asynchrony.
Object-related negativity amplitude showed similar increases in both age groups, reflecting enhanced auditory object formation.

Conclusions:

Onset asynchrony serves as a beneficial cue for concurrent speech segregation in both young and elderly listeners.
The ability to leverage onset asynchrony for auditory scene analysis appears to be preserved across different age groups, despite age-related declines in overall performance.