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Stepfamily Structure and Transfers Between Generations in U.S. Families.

Emily E Wiemers1, Judith A Seltzer2, Robert F Schoeni3

  • 1Department of Economics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA. Emily.Wiemers@umb.edu.

Demography
|December 12, 2018
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Summary

Stepfamilies are increasingly common in the U.S., but the presence of stepkin is linked to fewer intergenerational transfers of time and money. This trend may reduce support for adult children and elderly parents in future generations.

Keywords:
Family sizeIntergenerational transfersParent–child relationshipsStepfamilies

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Family Studies
  • Demography

Background:

  • Rising rates of repartnering have increased stepfamily prevalence in the U.S.
  • Existing data on stepfamilies are limited in scope and time period.
  • New data are needed to understand contemporary stepfamily structures and intergenerational transfers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the prevalence of stepparents and stepchildren across all adult ages using new data.
  • To examine the relationship between stepkin presence and intergenerational time/money transfers.
  • To assess the impact of stepkin on family size and support networks.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) on family structure and transfers.
  • Analyzed prevalence and numbers of stepparents and stepchildren for all adult age groups.
  • Characterized the association between having stepkin and generational transfers, irrespective of cohabitation.

Main Results:

  • Stepkin are common, particularly in younger U.S. households.
  • Stepkin significantly increase household family size, augmenting parent/child numbers by nearly 40% for couples.
  • Having stepkin correlates with reduced intergenerational transfers, especially time transfers for married women.

Conclusions:

  • The increase in family members due to stepkin does not offset lower transfer likelihoods in stepfamilies.
  • Future generations with more stepkin may experience diminished time assistance between parents and adult children.
  • Stepfamily structures present unique challenges for intergenerational support systems.