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First Nations students' perceptions of school nutrition policy implementation: A mixed methods study.

Christina Gillies1, 2, Anna Farmer1

  • 1Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Nutrition & Dietetics : the Journal of the Dietitians Association of Australia
|December 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

First Nations students support school nutrition policies, preferring healthy foods. However, implementation faces barriers like food availability and poor communication, highlighting the need for student involvement in policy development.

Keywords:
CanadaIndigenouschildrennutrition policyschoolstudents

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Indigenous Health
  • Nutrition Policy

Background:

  • School nutrition policies are crucial for enhancing healthy food access among Indigenous First Nations children in Canada.
  • Understanding student perspectives is vital for effective policy implementation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore First Nations students' perceptions of a school nutrition policy.
  • To identify barriers and facilitators influencing policy implementation.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-methods approach was employed, including surveys with 94 students (grades 4-12) and semi-structured interviews with 20 students.
  • Content analysis was used to analyze interview transcripts, identifying key themes related to policy implementation.

Main Results:

  • Students largely supported the policy, with 87% agreeing only healthy foods should be served and expressing preferences for healthier options.
  • Key barriers included the types of food available at school and low communication levels between students, teachers, and parents regarding dietary habits.
  • Students indicated a desire to improve diets with more fruits and vegetables at school.

Conclusions:

  • School nutrition policies should offer clear guidelines on permissible foods, addressing social and environmental barriers.
  • Involving First Nations children in the implementation and evaluation of school nutrition policies is recommended to improve effectiveness.