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Mitochondrial function modulates touch signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Yue Xu1, Oliver Berkowitz1, Reena Narsai1

  • 1Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, 3086, Victoria, Australia.

The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology
|December 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Mitochondria significantly influence how plants respond to touch by altering gene expression and hormone levels. This research uncovers a direct link between mitochondrial function and plant mechanical stimulation responses.

Keywords:
Arabidopsisabiotic and biotichormonemitochondriaretrograding signallingtouch responsetranscriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Plants perceive and respond to mechanical stimuli like touch through changes in gene expression and growth.
  • Mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular energy production and signaling pathways.
  • Previous studies indicated that the outer mitochondrial membrane protein OM66 is rapidly induced by touch.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of mitochondrial function in plant responses to mechanical touch stimulation at the transcriptomic level.
  • To identify specific mitochondrial genes and regulators involved in mediating touch responses.
  • To explore the interplay between mitochondrial retrograde signaling and touch-induced gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of transcriptomic changes in 25 mutants affecting mitochondrial function after 30 minutes of touch stimulus.
  • Investigation of synergistic and antagonistic effects in double and triple mutants.
  • Gene expression kinetic analysis under repeated touch stimuli.
  • Regulatory network and phytohormone signaling pathway analyses.
  • Measurement of hormone concentrations in mitochondrial mutants.

Main Results:

  • All 25 mitochondrial mutants tested showed altered touch-responsive transcriptomes.
  • Touch-induced transcriptomic changes were localized and repeatable.
  • Gene expression kinetics displayed complex patterns, with five distinct patterns observed.
  • Mitochondrial retrograde signaling regulators influenced touch-responsive transcriptomics, indicating overlap with mitochondrial stress pathways.
  • Regulatory network analysis revealed touch-induced stress responses and suppressed growth/biosynthesis.
  • Ethylene and gibberellic acid signaling pathways were most affected by touch.
  • Mutations in mitochondrial genes altered hormone concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondrial function directly modulates touch-induced gene expression changes via regulatory networks.
  • Mitochondrial function indirectly influences touch responses by altering plant hormone levels.
  • There is a significant overlap between touch response pathways and mitochondrial stress signaling.
  • Mitochondria are key regulators of plant responses to mechanical stimuli.