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Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Scleral Cross-linking Using Riboflavin and Ultraviolet-A Radiation for Prevention of Axial Myopia in a Rabbit Model

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Posterior staphyloma in pathologic myopia.

Kyoko Ohno-Matsui¹, Jost B Jonas²

¹Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113 8510, Japan.

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

|December 12, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Posterior staphylomas, outpouchings in pathologic myopia, involve scleral thinning and choroidal thinning. Diagnosis is best achieved with wide-field optical coherence tomography for better visualization.

Keywords:

3D MRI Optical coherence tomography Pathologic myopia Posterior staphyloma Sclera

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Medical Imaging
Pathology

Background:

Posterior staphyloma is an outpouching of the posterior fundus, often seen in pathologic myopia.
Histologically, it involves scleral thinning, collagen disarray, and choroidal thinning, particularly at the staphyloma edge.
It can also occur in non-highly myopic eyes with retinitis pigmentosa or Bruch's membrane defects, without significant choroidal thinning.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the characteristics, diagnosis, and potential etiologies of posterior staphylomas.
To highlight the diagnostic superiority of wide-field optical coherence tomography (WF-OCT).
To discuss current and proposed therapeutic strategies for posterior staphylomas.

Main Methods:

Review of literature on posterior staphylomas.
Emphasis on diagnostic capabilities of WF-OCT compared to other imaging modalities.
Discussion of proposed pathogenetic factors and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

Posterior staphylomas are characterized by scleral and choroidal thinning.
WF-OCT is the preferred diagnostic tool due to its wide field of view and high resolution.
Etiology remains unclear, with theories involving local choroidal factors and reduced scleral biomechanical resistance.

Conclusions:

Posterior staphylomas are associated with significant structural changes in the posterior eye.
Accurate diagnosis with WF-OCT is crucial for understanding and managing these conditions.
Further research into pathogenesis is needed to guide effective therapeutic strategies.