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Disseminated infection caused by urease-negative Cryptococcus neoformans
P J Ruane1, L J Walker, W L George
1Medical Services, West Los Angeles Veterans Administration Medical Center, California 90073.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|October 1, 1988
Summary
A rare, urease-negative strain of Cryptococcus neoformans caused disseminated infection in an individual with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. This highlights the need for awareness of atypical fungal pathogens in immunocompromised patients.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunocompromised Hosts
Background:
- Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen.
- It commonly causes severe infections in individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
- Standard laboratory identification typically relies on several characteristics, including urease production.
Observation:
- A case of fungemia and disseminated disease was observed.
- The causative agent was identified as a strain of Cryptococcus neoformans.
- This particular isolate was unusual as it failed to hydrolyze urea, a key diagnostic marker.
Findings:
- The urease-negative Cryptococcus neoformans strain exhibited typical microbiological features apart from its inability to metabolize urea.
- The patient had acquired immune deficiency syndrome, a condition predisposing to opportunistic infections.
- This finding indicates the existence of atypical strains of C. neoformans with altered biochemical properties.
Implications:
- Laboratory specialists must be vigilant for atypical Cryptococcus neoformans strains.
- Awareness is crucial, especially when identifying isolates from patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
- This case underscores the importance of comprehensive diagnostic approaches for fungal pathogens in immunocompromised individuals.