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Updated: Feb 1, 2026
08:51
The Use of Thermal Infra-Red Imaging to Detect Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness
Published on: January 22, 2012
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Advances in Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS): Part I: Pathogenesis and Diagnostics
Thilo Hotfiel1,2,3, Jürgen Freiwald3,4, Matthias Wilhelm Hoppe4,5
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany.
Summary
Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) results from muscle cell damage due to exercise. This review explores DOMS mechanisms, pathophysiology, and diagnosis, impacting athletic performance.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Sports Medicine
- Muscle Biology
Background:
- Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a common ultrastructural muscle injury resulting from eccentric or unfamiliar exercise.
- DOMS manifests as reduced force, pain, stiffness, swelling, and joint dysfunction, impacting athletic performance.
- Despite being mild, DOMS is a frequent cause of decreased athletic capacity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current findings on the damaging mechanisms of DOMS.
- To provide an overview of DOMS pathophysiology.
- To discuss the diagnostic evaluation of DOMS.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of existing literature.
- Analysis of hypotheses regarding DOMS aetiology.
- Examination of pathophysiological pathways and clinical signs.
Main Results:
- DOMS is linked to ultrastructural muscle damage from exercise.
- Mechanisms involve protein degradation, apoptosis, and inflammation.
- Symptoms are delayed due to complex physiological responses.
Conclusions:
- The exact pathophysiological pathway of DOMS is still under investigation.
- Current understanding points to exercise-induced muscle cell damage as the primary mechanism.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate DOMS pathophysiology and optimize diagnosis.
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