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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

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A novel scale for describing corneal staining.

Jill Woods1, Jalaiah Varikooty1, Desmond Fonn1

  • 1Centre for Ocular Research & Education, School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada, jwoods@uwaterloo.ca.

Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)
|December 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new corneal staining grading scale for research. The scale assesses staining type, area, and depth across five corneal zones, offering detailed and flexible analysis for clinical and research comparisons.

Keywords:
corneal stainingfluorescein staininggrading scale

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Disease Research
  • Ocular Surface Analysis

Background:

  • Corneal staining assessment is crucial in clinical practice and research for comparing eyes, products, and changes over time.
  • Existing grading scales vary, leading to inconsistencies in corneal staining evaluation.
  • A standardized and detailed method is needed for accurate corneal staining assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and describe a novel grading scale for assessing corneal staining.
  • To provide a comprehensive tool for detailed corneal staining analysis in research settings.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a grading scale assessing three factors: staining type, area, and depth.
  • Evaluation across five distinct corneal zones.
  • Staining type and area graded on a 0-100 scale; depth graded on a 0-4 scale.

Main Results:

  • The scale allows for individual reporting of staining type, area, and depth.
  • Factors can be combined for a three- or two-factor overall staining grade.
  • Scores can be reported as 'zone staining scores' or aggregated into a 'global staining score'.

Conclusions:

  • The developed scale offers a detailed and adaptable method for corneal staining assessment.
  • This scale enhances the precision of corneal staining comparisons in research and clinical studies.
  • The multi-faceted scoring system provides flexibility for various analytical needs.