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Fish whole-body selenium: interspecies translation experiment.

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This study used fish mesocosms to compare selenium bioaccumulation in mosquitofish and sunfish, crucial for developing Total Maximum Daily Load regulations for selenium contamination in Newport Bay. Adjusting bioaccumulation equilibrium times improved comparisons between species.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Ecotoxicology
  • Aquatic Ecology

Background:

  • Selenium contamination in Newport Bay necessitates developing Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) standards.
  • Different fish species inhabit distinct areas of the watershed, complicating contamination assessments.
  • Mosquitofish and sunfish species exhibit different distributions within the watershed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare selenium bioaccumulation across different fish species and watershed areas using mesocosms.
  • To inform the development of selenium TMDLs for Newport Bay freshwater drainages.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of fish mesocosms for comparing bioaccumulation in allopatric species.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized fish mesocosms to hold mosquitofish in areas where they are not native.
  • Collected tissue samples from caged mosquitofish and resident bluegill sunfish to measure bioaccumulated selenium.
  • Compared selenium tissue concentrations and ratios between species under different conditions and assumptions.

Main Results:

  • Initial comparisons of selenium bioaccumulation ratios between mosquitofish and bluegill sunfish required adjustments.
  • Altering assumptions regarding the time to reach selenium equilibrium in mosquitofish tissues improved ratio agreement.
  • Extrapolation of mesocosm results and careful consideration of trophic levels were critical for accurate comparisons.

Conclusions:

  • Fish mesocosms are a valuable tool for comparing selenium bioaccumulation between allopatric species.
  • Accurate assessment of bioaccumulation requires careful consideration of species-specific equilibrium times and trophic positions.
  • This methodology aids in establishing reliable selenium contamination benchmarks for regulatory purposes.