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New hypoglycemic agents and the kidney: what do the major trials tell us?

Brendan Smyth1, Vlado Perkovic1

  • 1The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.

F1000Research
|December 14, 2018
PubMed

Insights

New diabetes drugs, including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, show promise for preserving kidney function in patients with diabetic kidney disease.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) poses a growing global health challenge.
  • Effective therapies are needed to preserve renal function and prevent nephropathy.
  • Recent advancements in hypoglycemic agents offer new therapeutic avenues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of glycemic control on renal outcomes.
  • To analyze clinical trial data for novel hypoglycemic drug classes.
  • To evaluate the renal benefits of GLP-1 agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of major clinical trials.
  • Analysis of data on glycemic control and renal outcomes.
  • Comparative assessment of different hypoglycemic agent classes.

Main Results:

  • Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists demonstrate consistent renal benefits.
  • Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors consistently show renal benefits.
  • Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors' renal impact requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • GLP-1 agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors are valuable in managing diabetic kidney disease.
  • Further research is needed to define optimal use in diverse patient populations.
  • Combination therapies and comparative studies are essential to combat DKD burden.
Keywords:
Chronic Kidney DiseaseDPP-4Diabetic nephropathyGLP-1SGLT2alogliptincanagliflozinempagliflozinliraglutidemacroalbuminuriasaxagliptinsemaglutide

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