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Related Experiment Videos

Fast Field Echo imaging: an overview and contrast calculations.

P van der Meulen1, J P Groen, A M Tinus

  • 1Philips Medical Systems, Best, The Netherlands.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging
|July 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Fast Field Echo (FFE) sequences offer varied image contrast based on sequence details when T2 values approach repetition times (TR). Three of four FFE versions accommodate field inhomogeneities, impacting clinical imaging.

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Medical Physics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Fast imaging techniques rely on gradient echo sequences with short repetition times (TR) and reduced flip angles.
  • When practical T2 values are comparable to or longer than TR, sequence-dependent image contrast variations arise.
  • Understanding these variations is crucial for optimizing image quality in fast MRI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically describe four distinct versions of the Fast Field Echo (FFE) sequence.
  • To present image contrast formulas for these FFE sequences.
  • To evaluate the impact of field inhomogeneities and phase alternation on image contrast.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic description and theoretical analysis of four basic Fast Field Echo (FFE) sequence versions.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Derivation of image contrast formulas for each FFE sequence.
  • Numerical simulations to assess the influence of modified phase alternation on contrast, verified by phantom studies at 1.5-T.

    • Main Results:

    • Four distinct FFE sequence versions were identified, with associated image contrast formulas.
    • Only three of the four FFE versions are suitable for practical imaging due to tolerance of small field inhomogeneities.
    • Numerical simulations and phantom studies confirmed the impact of phase alternation on image contrast for specific FFE sequences.

    Conclusions:

    • The choice of FFE sequence version significantly influences image contrast, especially when T2 values approach TR.
    • Field inhomogeneity tolerance limits the applicability of certain FFE sequences in clinical settings.
    • Phase alternation strategies can be employed to modulate image contrast in specific FFE sequences, with implications for clinical head imaging.