Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

682
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
682
Bacterial Transformation01:33

Bacterial Transformation

59.9K
In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
59.9K
Bacterial RNA Polymerase00:43

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

32.8K
Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
32.8K
Hybridoma Technology01:31

Hybridoma Technology

17.7K
Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation,...
17.7K
Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

11.8K
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
11.8K
Sequences01:29

Sequences

275
Sequences are fundamental mathematical objects consisting of ordered lists of numbers that follow a specific rule or pattern. Sequences are critical in various mathematical concepts, including calculus, series, and number theory. They can model real-world phenomena such as population growth, financial investments, and physical processes like the diminishing height of a bouncing ball.Each number in a sequence is referred to as a term. Typically, the terms are denoted as a1, a2, a3,…, where...
275

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Elective genomic sequencing for adults in research, clinical and commercial contexts.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

A Collection of Patient-Derived Intestinal Organoid Lines Reveals Epithelial Phenotypes Associated with Genetic Drivers of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel diseases·2025
Same author

Long-read metagenomics for strain tracking after faecal microbiota transplant.

Nature microbiology·2025
Same author

Long read metagenomics-based precise tracking of bacterial strains and genomic changes after fecal microbiota transplantation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Milademetan in Advanced Solid Tumors with MDM2 Amplification and Wild-type TP53: Preclinical and Phase II Clinical Trial Results.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·2025
Same author

Intestinal biomarkers, microbiota composition, and genetic predisposition to inflammatory bowel disease as predictors of Parkinson's disease manifestation.

Journal of Parkinson's disease·2025
Same journal

Genetic origins and constraints of evolutionary innovation.

Nature reviews. Genetics·2026
Same journal

Single-cell four-omics with CHARM.

Nature reviews. Genetics·2026
Same journal

Molecular integration of seasonal temperature signals in flowering time control.

Nature reviews. Genetics·2026
Same journal

RBPscan measures protein-RNA interactions in living cells.

Nature reviews. Genetics·2026
Same journal

Revisiting retinal and macular degeneration in the genomics era.

Nature reviews. Genetics·2026
Same journal

How evolution builds three morphs from one genome.

Nature reviews. Genetics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Amplicon Sequencing using the Long-Read Sequencing Technologies
08:57

Amplicon Sequencing using the Long-Read Sequencing Technologies

Published on: August 29, 2025

529

Deciphering bacterial epigenomes using modern sequencing technologies.

John Beaulaurier1, Eric E Schadt1, Gang Fang2

  • 1Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

Nature Reviews. Genetics
|December 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacterial DNA methylation, including N6-methyladenine, N4-methylcytosine, and 5-methylcytosine, is now detectable genome-wide. This advance aids understanding of bacterial epigenomes and methylation

More Related Videos

Reusable Single Cell for Iterative Epigenomic Analyses
10:28

Reusable Single Cell for Iterative Epigenomic Analyses

Published on: February 11, 2022

1.7K
Deciphering High-Resolution 3D Chromatin Organization via Capture Hi-C
09:32

Deciphering High-Resolution 3D Chromatin Organization via Capture Hi-C

Published on: October 14, 2022

4.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Amplicon Sequencing using the Long-Read Sequencing Technologies
08:57

Amplicon Sequencing using the Long-Read Sequencing Technologies

Published on: August 29, 2025

529
Reusable Single Cell for Iterative Epigenomic Analyses
10:28

Reusable Single Cell for Iterative Epigenomic Analyses

Published on: February 11, 2022

1.7K
Deciphering High-Resolution 3D Chromatin Organization via Capture Hi-C
09:32

Deciphering High-Resolution 3D Chromatin Organization via Capture Hi-C

Published on: October 14, 2022

4.5K

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Genomics
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Prokaryotic DNA features three methylation types: N6-methyladenine, N4-methylcytosine, and 5-methylcytosine.
  • Limited tools for analyzing methylated residue distribution hindered understanding of their functions in bacterial genomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the functions of bacterial DNA methylation.
  • To leverage advanced sequencing technologies for genome-wide detection of all three methylation forms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing single-molecule, real-time (SMRT) sequencing.
  • Employing nanopore-based sequencing technologies.

Main Results:

  • Genome-wide detection of N6-methyladenine, N4-methylcytosine, and 5-methylcytosine is now feasible.
  • Over 2,000 bacterial methylomes have been mapped.
  • Emerging evidence links methylation to gene expression, virulence, and pathogen-host interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced sequencing enables comprehensive analysis of bacterial epigenomes.
  • DNA methylation plays significant roles in bacterial biology, including virulence and host interactions.